Overview
Xylazine is a non-opioid compound widely used in veterinary medicine for its sedative, analgesic, and muscle relaxant properties. It is particularly effective in large animals such as horses and cattle. Developed as a safer alternative to opioids, xylazine minimizes risks of addiction while providing effective sedation. Originally synthesized in the 1960s, xylazine has become a staple in veterinary practices globally. Its ability to induce a state of calm and reduce pain makes it invaluable for surgical procedures and diagnostic imaging in animals. Despite its veterinary focus, xylazine is strictly regulated due to potential misuse.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Xylazine appears as a white crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 220.33 g/mol. It is soluble in water, ethanol, and chloroform, facilitating its formulation into injectable solutions. The compound has a melting point of 140-144°C and exhibits stability under standard storage conditions. Chemically, xylazine is classified as a thiazine derivative, with a structure featuring a dimethylphenylamino group. This configuration contributes to its pharmacological effects, including alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonism, which mediates its sedative and analgesic actions.
Main Applications
Xylazine is predominantly used in veterinary medicine to sedate animals during procedures such as surgeries, dental work, and imaging. It is often combined with other anesthetics like ketamine to enhance efficacy. The compound is especially favored for large animals due to its reliability and minimal side effects. In addition to sedation, xylazine is employed as a muscle relaxant and analgesic, reducing discomfort in animals post-operation. Its use is strictly limited to veterinary settings, and it is not approved for human medical applications due to safety concerns.
Safety and Storage
Xylazine requires careful handling to avoid exposure. Protective gloves and masks are recommended to prevent skin contact or inhalation. In case of accidental ingestion, immediate medical attention is necessary due to its potent effects on the central nervous system. Storage should be in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight to maintain stability. The compound should be kept in tightly sealed containers to prevent moisture absorption or contamination. Proper disposal methods must be followed to avoid environmental harm.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring xylazine, buyers should prioritize suppliers with verified CAS numbers (7361-61-7) and certificates of analysis confirming purity. Compliance with veterinary regulations is critical to ensure legal and ethical sourcing. Bulk purchases may offer cost savings, but storage capacity must be considered. Price ranges vary based on purity and supplier reputation, typically between $50-$200 per kilogram. Buyers should request samples for quality testing and establish long-term relationships with reliable manufacturers to ensure consistent supply.