Urotensin

Updated: 2026-08-29

Overview

Urotensin, particularly Urotensin II (UII), is a cyclic peptide hormone first isolated from fish urophysis. It is now recognized in mammals, including humans, where it plays a significant role in cardiovascular regulation. UII is one of the most potent vasoconstrictors known, binding to the GPR14 receptor. Its physiological and pathophysiological roles are under active investigation, particularly in conditions like hypertension, heart failure, and renal disease. Research into urotensin has expanded due to its potential as a therapeutic target. The peptide's structure and receptor interactions are key areas of study, with synthetic analogs being developed for experimental and clinical purposes. Urotensin's role in stress responses and its distribution in the central nervous system further highlight its biological importance.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Urotensin II is a cyclic peptide composed of 11 amino acids, with a disulfide bridge contributing to its stability. It appears as a white to off-white powder and is soluble in aqueous solutions, making it suitable for laboratory use. The peptide's molecular weight is approximately 2213.6 g/mol, and its structure is highly conserved across species, indicating its evolutionary significance. Urotensin II is sensitive to environmental conditions, requiring storage at -20°C to maintain stability. It is susceptible to degradation by proteases and should be handled under sterile conditions. The peptide's solubility in water facilitates its use in experimental settings, though organic solvents may be required for certain applications.

Main Applications

Urotensin II is primarily used in cardiovascular and pharmacological research. Its potent vasoconstrictive effects make it a valuable tool for studying hypertension and vascular diseases. Researchers also investigate its role in heart failure, atherosclerosis, and renal dysfunction, where elevated urotensin levels are often observed. In drug development, urotensin receptor antagonists are being explored as potential therapeutics for cardiovascular disorders. The peptide's role in the central nervous system and endocrine regulation further broadens its applications in neuroscience and endocrinology research. Synthetic urotensin analogs are used to study receptor binding and signal transduction mechanisms.

Safety and Storage

Urotensin II should be handled with care, as it may cause irritation upon contact with skin or eyes. Personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves and goggles, is recommended when working with the peptide. Proper ventilation should be maintained to avoid inhalation of powder. Storage at -20°C is essential to preserve the peptide's integrity. Lyophilized urotensin is stable for extended periods when kept dry and protected from light. Reconstituted solutions should be used promptly or stored in aliquots at -80°C to prevent repeated freeze-thaw cycles, which can degrade the peptide.

B2B Procurement Guide

When procuring urotensin for research or industrial use, buyers should prioritize purity and source reliability. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or mass spectrometry certificates of analysis are essential to verify peptide quality. Suppliers with Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) certification are preferred for consistent quality. Bulk purchases may offer cost savings, but storage capacity must be considered due to the peptide's sensitivity. Lead times can vary, so planning ahead is advisable. Buyers should also confirm shipping conditions, ensuring cold chain logistics are maintained to prevent degradation during transit.