Overview
A trimer is an oligomer or polymer composed of three identical monomer units, often forming cyclic or linear structures. Trimers are prevalent in petrochemical and polymer industries, where they serve as intermediates or functional additives. For example, ethylene trimerization produces 1-hexene, a key comonomer for polyethylene production. Trimers can occur naturally or through synthetic processes like catalytic oligomerization. Their properties are dictated by the monomer type—hydrocarbon trimers (e.g., propylene trimer) are nonpolar, while heteroatom-containing variants may exhibit higher reactivity.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Trimers typically exhibit lower molecular weights than higher polymers, resulting in reduced viscosity and enhanced solubility. For instance, isobutylene trimer (C12H24) is a liquid at room temperature, contrasting with solid polyisobutylene. Their boiling points generally increase with monomer size; cyclic trimers often have higher thermal stability than linear forms. Chemically, trimers retain functionalities of their monomers. Acrylonitrile trimer, for example, shows nitrile group reactivity. Some trimers (e.g., formaldehyde trimer) are highly reactive and require stabilizers. Spectroscopic methods like NMR are commonly used for structural confirmation.
Main Applications
In lubricants, trimers like polyalphaolefin (PAO) trimers improve viscosity indices and oxidation resistance. They are also vital as plasticizers in PVC and synthetic rubbers, where their moderate size balances flexibility and durability. Specialty trimers serve as precursors for pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Cyanuric chloride (a cyanurate trimer) is indispensable in herbicide synthesis. Recent advancements focus on catalytic trimerization for sustainable materials, such as bio-based trimers replacing petroleum-derived variants.
Safety and Storage
Most hydrocarbon trimers are flammable (flash points ~40–80°C) and require Class B fire extinguishers. Inhalation risks vary; low-vapor-pressure trimers like C9 aromatic trimers necessitate fume hoods, while gaseous monomers demand leak detection systems. Storage recommendations include nitrogen blanketing for air-sensitive trimers (e.g., butadiene trimer) and HDPE containers to prevent contamination. Stabilizers like BHT are often added to prevent polymerization during storage. Always consult SDS for monomer-specific hazards.
B2B Procurement Guide
Industrial buyers should prioritize suppliers with certified quality control (ISO 9001) and batch-wise analysis reports. Key specifications include monomer content (<1% residual), color (APHA <100 for clear products), and acid value (<0.1 mg KOH/g). Bulk procurement (>1 ton) often reduces costs by 15–30%. Consider regional logistics—trimers with low boiling points may require temperature-controlled transport. For R&D, small-quantity vendors like Sigma-Aldrich offer lab-grade trimers with >99% purity.
Related Manufacturers
- 主营：甲基丙烯酸十二酯、甲基丙烯酸十六酯、甲基丙烯酸十八酯、三聚六氟丙烯、丙烯酸十二酯、丙烯酸十六酯、丙烯酸十八酯、V50引发剂、偶氮二异丁咪唑啉盐酸盐、N-乙酰己内酰胺、硅烷偶联剂、双马来酰亚胺、马来酸酯、缩水甘油酯、缩水甘油醚、甲基咪唑、N-异丙基丙烯酰胺、金属萃取剂
- 主营：增塑剂、二甲基亚砜、顺酐、三聚氯氰、环丁砜、二甲基二硫醚、赋臭剂、四氢噻吩加臭剂、环戊烷、塑化剂、二辛酯、石油醚、异丁醇、氯化苄、叔十二硫醇、硬脂酸钙、树脂涂料、四氢噻吩、化学试剂、国标染料、氯乙酸、硬脂酸锌、乙二醛、异辛烷、橡胶塑料
- 主营：叔碳酸、十八醛、溶菌酶、十四醛三聚物、海藻糖、癸二醇、氨基丙基、氢路噻嗪、邻苯二甲、乙基碳二、羟基癸酸、正十七烷、谷胱甘肽、烷二甲醇、松果体素、vc磷酸酯镁、2-甲基丁醛、朱栾倍半萜、丁烷四乙酸、表面活性剂、癸烷撑二醇、缩水甘油邻、10-羟基羊蜡酸、氢氯噻嗪杂质、盐酸邻菲罗啉、壳聚糖季铵盐
- 主营：四氢噻吩、二甲基亚砜、二甲基二硫醚、氯代衍生物、乙酰氯、氢氟酸、二甲苯、甲酰胺、丙烯腈、正丙醇、水杨酸、甲酸钠、正丙醛、苯甲醛、丙二腈、二甲基硫醚、硬脂酸、石油醚、水合肼、氯乙酸、乙二醛、乙二醇、异戊烷、苯乙烯、仲丁胺、叔丁醇
- 主营：化工原料、氟表面活性剂
- 主营：中间体、尿囊素、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、十四醛三聚物、烯丙基羟乙基醚、苄基三乙基氯化铵、马来酸、乙酰苯肼、椰油基三甲基氯化铵
- 主营：固体酸催化剂、重组胶原蛋白、硅油、十四醛三聚物、特种硅油、聚硅氮烷、硼酸铝晶须、碳化硅晶须、t-BAMBP萃取剂、全氟三丁胺
- 主营：十四醛三聚物、硅油树脂、中间体、香精香料
- 主营：侧柏叶油、益智仁精油、羟丙基硅油、当归提取物、墨旱莲提取物、侧柏叶精油、茴香提取液、接骨木提取液
- 主营：麝香酮、硫酸化蓖麻油钠盐、对甲苯磺酸正丁酯、十四醛三聚物、间苯二甲酸
- 主营：羟基磷灰石头、二醋酸纤维素、甲基丙烯酸镁、苯代三聚氰胺、间苯二甲酸二甲酯、苄索氯铵、柏木脑、乳酸铵、咪唑、明胶、靛红酸酐、DL-苹果酸、异噻唑啉酮、抗氧化剂1135、海藻酸
- 主营：十四醛三聚物、全氟三丁胺、硅树脂、医药中间体
- 主营：乙酰肼、甲氧基聚乙二醇丙烯酸酯、甲基丙烯酸叔丁氨基乙酯、4十四醛三聚物、2'-联吡啶、丙半胱氨酸
- 主营：药品检测标准品、对照品、中药对照药材、药物杂质标准品、食品检测标准物质、国家标准物质、中药农残空白基质、分析标准品、仪器检测校准品、金属离子标准溶液、滴定溶液、有机检测标准溶液、指示液、缓冲液、电导率溶液、PH标准溶液、熔点标准品、比色液
- 主营：萃取剂、选矿药剂、金矿硫化矿