Overview
Triethylamine (TEA) is a tertiary amine with the formula N(CH2CH3)3. It is a colorless, volatile liquid with a pungent ammonia-like odor, commonly produced by BASF and other major chemical manufacturers. Industrially, TEA serves as a versatile base, catalyst, and solvent due to its strong nucleophilicity and solubility in organic and aqueous phases. Its applications span pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and rubber vulcanization, where it neutralizes acids or accelerates reactions. As a BASF product, it adheres to high purity standards (typically ≥99%), ensuring consistency for sensitive processes like drug synthesis or polymer production.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Triethylamine exhibits a low boiling point (89.3°C) and density (0.727 g/cm³), making it easy to handle but requiring careful storage to prevent evaporation. It is miscible with water and most organic solvents, though it hydrolyzes slowly to form ethanol and ammonia. As a strong base (pKb = 3.25), TEA readily reacts with acids to form salts and can corrode metals like aluminum. Its flammability (flash point: -11°C) and volatility necessitate explosion-proof equipment in industrial settings. The compound’s reactivity also makes it useful for quaternary ammonium salt synthesis and pH adjustment in chemical processes.
Main Applications
In pharmaceuticals, TEA acts as a catalyst for penicillin production and a base for adjusting pH during active ingredient synthesis. It is also a key intermediate for herbicides and dyes, where its nucleophilicity facilitates alkylation reactions. The rubber industry uses TEA to accelerate vulcanization and improve polymer crosslinking. Additionally, it serves as a corrosion inhibitor in boiler water treatment and a solvent for resins, fats, and lacquers. Emerging applications include electronic-grade TEA for semiconductor cleaning, though this requires ultra-high purity (≥99.9%).
Safety and Storage
Triethylamine is highly flammable (Class IB liquid) and emits toxic fumes when heated. Storage requires sealed containers in cool, ventilated areas, away from oxidizers and acids. Grounding is essential to prevent static ignition. Personal protective equipment (PPE) like gloves, goggles, and respirators is mandatory during handling due to its corrosive and irritant effects. Spills should be neutralized with weak acids (e.g., vinegar) and absorbed with inert materials. Regulatory compliance (e.g., OSHA, REACH) mandates proper labeling (GHS02, GHS05) and SDS documentation for transport and workplace safety.
B2B Procurement Guide
Industrial buyers should prioritize suppliers with ISO 9001 or cGMP certifications to ensure product consistency. Key specifications include purity (≥99%), water content (<0.5%), and residual solvents (e.g., ethanol). Packaging options range from 200L drums to bulk tankers, with prices varying by volume (e.g., ~$3/kg for 1-ton orders). Long-term contracts may offer discounts. Verify logistics compliance (e.g., UN1296 for transport) and consider regional availability—BASF’s European and Asian plants are major sources. Sample testing is recommended to confirm suitability for specific applications like pharmaceutical intermediates.
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