Tridecanedioic acid[2]
Overview
Tridecanedioic acid (TDA) is a 13-carbon aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, classified among long-chain dibasic acids. It is industrially produced via microbial fermentation of hydrocarbons or oxidation of erucic acid. The compound is notable for its even-numbered carbon chain, which enhances its utility in polymerization reactions. As a specialty chemical, TDA occupies a niche in high-value applications, particularly in engineered plastics and coatings. Its adoption has grown due to the demand for bio-based alternatives to petrochemical-derived dicarboxylic acids like adipic acid.
Physical and Chemical Properties
TDA exhibits typical dicarboxylic acid behavior, with two reactive carboxyl groups enabling esterification and polycondensation. Its crystalline structure and moderate melting point (112-114°C) facilitate handling in industrial processes. The acid is chemically stable under normal conditions but may degrade at temperatures exceeding 200°C. Solubility characteristics make it versatile: while poorly soluble in water, it dissolves readily in polar organic solvents. This property is exploited in formulations where homogeneous mixing with polymer matrices is required. The density of 1.09 g/cm³ indicates a lightweight material suitable for composites.
Main Applications
The primary use of TDA is in synthesizing polyesters and polyamides (nylon-13,13), where it imparts flexibility and hydrolytic stability. These polymers are employed in automotive parts, electrical insulation, and specialty films. In plasticizers, TDA esters improve low-temperature performance in PVC and synthetic rubbers. Additional applications include high-temperature lubricants for aerospace and corrosion inhibitors for metalworking fluids. Emerging uses span bio-based cosmetics and pharmaceuticals, leveraging its non-toxic profile. The acid’s long hydrocarbon chain enhances compatibility with hydrophobic systems.
Safety and Storage
TDA is classified as non-hazardous but requires standard laboratory precautions. Dust control measures are recommended during handling to prevent respiratory irritation. Spills should be contained with inert absorbents and disposed of as chemical waste. For long-term storage, maintain temperatures below 30°C in tightly sealed containers to prevent moisture absorption. Incompatible materials include strong oxidizers and bases. Shelf life typically exceeds two years when stored properly. Safety data sheets (SDS) should always be consulted for batch-specific guidelines.
B2B Procurement Guide
Bulk procurement of TDA necessitates verification of key parameters: purity (≥98% for most industrial uses), acid value (theoretical: 459 mg KOH/g), and residual catalyst content. Request certificates of analysis (COA) for each batch, with emphasis on heavy metal limits (e.g., <10 ppm lead). Pricing is quantity-dependent, with discounts common for metric-ton orders. Lead times vary; Chinese suppliers (e.g., Yuanda) often offer competitive rates but may require longer shipping. Consider testing compatibility with your formulation before large-scale purchases. Spot shortages may occur due to fermentation-based production constraints.
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