Overview
Tributyl Citrate (TBC) is a citrate ester derived from citric acid and n-butanol. It is widely recognized as a safe, non-toxic alternative to phthalate plasticizers, particularly in sensitive applications like food packaging and medical devices. Its biodegradability and low environmental impact make it a preferred choice in eco-conscious industries. TBC is produced through esterification of citric acid with butanol, followed by purification. The resulting product is a clear, viscous liquid with mild ester-like odor. Its compatibility with PVC, cellulose derivatives, and other polymers has driven its adoption across multiple sectors.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Tributyl Citrate exhibits low volatility and high stability under normal processing conditions, making it suitable for high-temperature applications. Its density of 1.042 g/cm³ and boiling point of 225°C (at reduced pressure) ensure consistent performance in polymer formulations. The ester is insoluble in water but miscible with most organic solvents, including ethanol, acetone, and toluene. This solubility profile allows for easy incorporation into resin systems. Its non-toxicity and lack of carcinogenic or mutagenic effects are validated by regulatory agencies worldwide.
Main Applications
TBC is primarily used as a plasticizer for PVC in food packaging films, bottle cap liners, and cling wraps. Its FDA and EU compliance ensures safety in direct food contact. In medical devices, it enhances flexibility in blood bags, tubing, and gloves without leaching harmful compounds. The toy industry relies on TBC to meet stringent safety standards for chewable products. Additionally, it serves as a solvent in cosmetics and a fixative in fragrances. Its role in biodegradable polymers aligns with global sustainability trends.
Safety and Storage
Tributyl Citrate is classified as non-hazardous under GHS standards. Prolonged skin contact may cause mild irritation, so gloves are recommended during handling. It poses minimal environmental risk due to ready biodegradability. Storage requires airtight containers in cool (below 30°C), dry conditions away from oxidizing agents. Bulk storage tanks should use nitrogen blanketing to prevent moisture absorption. Shelf life typically exceeds two years when stored properly.
B2B Procurement Guide
When sourcing TBC, prioritize suppliers with ISO 9001 certification and batch-specific COAs (Certificates of Analysis). Key specifications to verify include purity (>99%), acid value (<0.1 mg KOH/g), and moisture content (<0.2%). For food-grade applications, insist on documentation proving compliance with FDA 21 CFR 175.300 or EU Regulation 10/2011. Bulk shipments (drums or tankers) offer cost advantages, with prices typically decreasing for orders above 1 metric ton. Just-in-time delivery is advisable due to its stable shelf life.
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