Titanium Dioxide (Rutile)

Updated: 2026-08-07

Overview

Titanium Dioxide (Rutile) is a naturally occurring mineral and one of the most widely used white pigments in industrial applications. It is valued for its high refractive index, which provides exceptional opacity and brightness. The rutile form is preferred over anatase due to its superior durability and UV resistance. This compound is chemically inert and non-toxic, making it suitable for use in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. It is produced through either the sulfate or chloride process, with the latter yielding higher purity and finer particle sizes.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Titanium Dioxide (Rutile) is a white, odorless powder with a high melting point of 1843°C and a boiling point of 2972°C. Its density is 4.23 g/cm³, and it is insoluble in water and most organic solvents. The high refractive index (2.7) makes it an excellent scattering agent for light, providing superior opacity. The compound exhibits strong UV absorption, making it ideal for sunscreens and UV-resistant coatings. It is chemically stable under normal conditions but can react with strong acids or alkalis at elevated temperatures. Its thermal stability ensures performance in high-temperature applications like ceramics and plastics.

Main Applications

The primary use of Titanium Dioxide (Rutile) is in the paint and coatings industry, where it provides whiteness, brightness, and opacity. It is also a critical component in plastics, enhancing durability and color stability. In the paper industry, it improves printability and brightness. Cosmetics and sunscreens utilize its UV-blocking properties, while the food industry employs it as a whitening agent (E171). Other applications include ceramics, textiles, and catalysts. Its versatility and safety profile make it indispensable across multiple sectors.

Safety and Storage

While Titanium Dioxide (Rutile) is generally considered safe, prolonged inhalation of dust particles may cause respiratory irritation. Workers should use protective masks and ensure proper ventilation. Skin contact is low-risk but may cause mild irritation in sensitive individuals. Storage requires a cool, dry environment to prevent clumping or moisture absorption. Containers should be tightly sealed and kept away from incompatible substances like strong acids. Disposal should follow local regulations, though the material is non-hazardous.

B2B Procurement Guide

When procuring Titanium Dioxide (Rutile), prioritize suppliers with ISO or REACH certifications to ensure quality and regulatory compliance. Key specifications include purity (≥95%), particle size (0.2–0.3 µm for optimal opacity), and surface treatment (e.g., silica or alumina coating for dispersion). Bulk purchases typically offer cost savings, but verify storage capabilities. Prices fluctuate based on raw material costs and demand, so negotiate long-term contracts for stability. Sample testing is recommended to confirm performance in specific applications.