Overview
Titanium boride powder (TiB2) is an advanced ceramic material renowned for its exceptional hardness, ranking close to diamond and cubic boron nitride. It exhibits a unique combination of properties, including high melting point, excellent thermal and electrical conductivity, and resistance to oxidation and corrosion. These attributes make it indispensable in high-temperature and wear-intensive applications. TiB2 is synthesized through various methods, such as carbothermal reduction or direct reaction of titanium and boron. Its crystalline structure contributes to its mechanical strength, making it a preferred choice for industries demanding durability under extreme conditions.
Physical and Chemical Properties
TiB2 powder is characterized by its gray-black appearance and hexagonal crystal structure. With a density of 4.52 g/cm³, it is lighter than many competing materials like tungsten carbide. Its melting point of 2,900°C ensures stability in ultra-high-temperature environments, while its electrical conductivity (comparable to metals) enables use in electrical discharge machining. The material is chemically inert to most acids and alkalis but reacts with oxidizing agents at elevated temperatures. Its thermal expansion coefficient is low, reducing the risk of thermal stress fractures. These properties are critical for applications such as crucibles for molten metals or electrodes in aluminum smelting.
Main Applications
TiB2 powder is widely used in refractory linings for furnaces and reactors due to its thermal stability. In the metallurgical industry, it serves as a grain refiner in aluminum alloys, improving mechanical properties. The aerospace sector utilizes TiB2-based composites for lightweight, high-strength components. Another major application is in cutting tools and wear-resistant coatings, where its hardness extends tool lifespan. Emerging uses include armor plating and neutron absorbers in nuclear reactors. The powder is also processed into sintered parts or thin films for specialized industrial needs.
Safety and Storage
While TiB2 is generally stable, its fine powder form poses inhalation risks. Workers should use NIOSH-approved respirators, gloves, and eye protection. Dust explosions are unlikely but possible; store away from ignition sources and maintain proper ventilation in handling areas. Storage requires airtight containers in dry, cool environments to prevent moisture absorption or contamination. Avoid contact with strong oxidizers like chlorates or peroxides. Spills should be cleaned with a HEPA-filter vacuum, not dry sweeping, to minimize airborne particles.
B2B Procurement Guide
When sourcing TiB2 powder, prioritize suppliers with ISO 9001 certification and material test reports (MTRs). Key specifications include purity (≥99% for most industrial uses), average particle size (typically 1-10 microns), and oxygen content (<0.5% for high-performance applications). Bulk purchases (25+ kg) often reduce costs by 20-30%. Consider logistics: moisture-resistant packaging and expedited shipping may be necessary for humidity-sensitive batches. Request samples for XRD (X-ray diffraction) analysis to verify crystalline structure before large orders.
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