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Three-arm Polyethylene Glycol

Updated: 2026-08-11

Overview

Tri-arm PEG is a branched derivative of polyethylene glycol (PEG) featuring three reactive hydroxyl terminals. Its star-shaped structure enhances functionality in cross-linking and conjugation, distinguishing it from linear PEG. The compound is synthesized through controlled polymerization, with molecular weights tailored for specific applications. Widely adopted in biomedical and material sciences, tri-arm PEG serves as a versatile scaffold for drug carriers, hydrogels, and surface coatings. Its biocompatibility and tunable properties align with FDA and EMA guidelines for pharmaceutical excipients.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Tri-arm PEG exhibits low polydispersity and high solubility in polar solvents due to its hydrophilic ethylene oxide units. The hydroxyl groups at each arm enable facile modification via esterification or etherification. Thermal stability is moderate, with decomposition occurring above 200°C. The density (~1.1 g/cm³) and melting point (55–60°C) vary slightly with molecular weight. Its non-immunogenic nature and resistance to protein adsorption make it ideal for in vivo applications.

Main Applications

In drug delivery, tri-arm PEG forms stable micelles or nanoparticles, improving drug solubility and circulation time. Its three-arm structure enhances payload capacity compared to linear PEG. For hydrogels, it acts as a cross-linker, providing mechanical strength and controlled degradation. The compound is also used in bioconjugation to attach proteins or peptides, leveraging its terminal reactivity. In material science, it modifies surfaces to reduce fouling or enable biofunctionalization.

Safety and Storage

Tri-arm PEG is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for biomedical use but requires proper handling to avoid dust inhalation. Storage at 2–8°C in sealed containers prevents moisture absorption and degradation. Disposal should follow local regulations for non-hazardous polymers. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) from suppliers provide specific hazard and first-aid measures.

B2B Procurement Guide

Buyers should prioritize suppliers with ISO 13485 or cGMP certifications for biomedical-grade tri-arm PEG. Key specifications include molecular weight (e.g., 1kDa, 5kDa), polydispersity index (<1.2), and end-group functionality. Bulk procurement (≥10kg) may reduce costs by 20–30%. Sample testing for endotoxin levels (<0.5 EU/mg) is critical for injectable applications. Lead times typically range from 2–6 weeks.

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