Thermoplastic Polyurethane[2]
Overview
Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) is a linear block copolymer composed of hard and soft segments, offering a unique combination of rubber-like elasticity and thermoplastic processability. It bridges the gap between vulcanized rubber and rigid plastics, making it suitable for injection molding, extrusion, and blow molding. TPU is categorized into polyester- and polyether-based types, each with distinct properties. Polyester TPU excels in mechanical strength and oil resistance, while polyether TPU offers better hydrolysis resistance and low-temperature flexibility.
Physical and Chemical Properties
TPU exhibits a Shore hardness range of 60A to 80D, adjustable by altering the ratio of hard/soft segments. Its tensile strength can reach up to 50 MPa, with elongation at break exceeding 500%. The material maintains flexibility at temperatures as low as -40°C and resists UV radiation, ozone, and common oils. Chemically, TPU is stable against dilute acids and bases but may degrade in strong alkalis or prolonged exposure to hot water. Its dielectric properties make it useful for insulating cables and electronic components.
Main Applications
In automotive industries, TPU is used for seals, gaskets, and under-the-hood components due to its vibration damping and fuel resistance. Footwear applications include shoe soles and sportswear for its cushioning and durability. The medical sector utilizes TPU in catheters and wound dressings for its biocompatibility. Industrial uses cover conveyor belts, hoses, and protective coatings, leveraging its abrasion resistance and weatherability.
Safety and Storage
TPU is generally non-hazardous under normal conditions but may emit isocyanates at high processing temperatures (>200°C). Adequate ventilation is recommended during thermal processing. Storage requires protection from moisture to prevent hydrolysis (especially for polyester TPU). Pellets should be dried at 80–100°C for 2–4 hours before processing to avoid surface defects. Shelf life is typically 12–24 months when stored in original packaging below 30°C.
B2B Procurement Guide
Key specifications to clarify include hardness (Shore scale), tensile strength requirements, and chemical exposure conditions. For regulatory-sensitive applications (e.g., medical, food contact), request FDA, EU 10/2011, or USP Class VI certifications. Bulk buyers should negotiate pricing based on volume, with discounts common for orders exceeding 1 ton. Sample testing is advised to verify performance in end-use conditions, particularly for color stability and adhesion properties.
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