Overview
Tetradecyltributylphosphonium chloride is a quaternary phosphonium salt widely used in industrial and research applications. Its structure combines a long alkyl chain with a phosphonium center, making it effective as a phase-transfer catalyst and ionic liquid precursor. The compound is synthesized through alkylation reactions and is known for its stability and versatility. In B2B contexts, this chemical is supplied in powder or crystalline form, often with purity levels exceeding 95%. It is favored for its ability to facilitate reactions in multiphase systems and its compatibility with organic solvents.
Physical and Chemical Properties
The compound appears as a white to off-white crystalline solid with moderate solubility in polar organic solvents. Its molecular weight of 434.14 g/mol and melting point around 100-110°C make it suitable for high-temperature applications. The phosphonium cation contributes to its ionic character, enabling interactions with anions in catalytic processes. Key chemical properties include its role as a phase-transfer agent, transferring reactants between aqueous and organic phases. It also exhibits antimicrobial properties, making it useful in biocidal formulations. Stability under inert atmospheres is a notable advantage for storage and handling.
Main Applications
Tetradecyltributylphosphonium chloride is primarily employed in catalysis, particularly in reactions requiring phase-transfer conditions, such as alkylations and polymerizations. Its ionic nature also makes it a candidate for corrosion inhibitors in industrial fluids, where it forms protective layers on metal surfaces. In material science, it serves as a precursor for ionic liquids with low volatility and high thermal stability. Additionally, its antimicrobial activity is leveraged in coatings and disinfectants. Niche uses include electrolyte additives and specialty surfactants.
Safety and Storage
Handling requires precautions due to its irritant properties. Personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and goggles is recommended. Avoid inhalation or contact with skin and eyes. Spills should be contained with inert absorbents and disposed of according to local regulations. Storage conditions involve keeping the compound in a tightly sealed container, away from moisture and oxidizing agents. Stable under inert atmospheres, it should be stored at room temperature or below to prevent degradation. Shelf life typically exceeds two years when stored properly.
B2B Procurement Guide
Procuring tetradecyltributylphosphonium chloride requires attention to purity grades, which typically range from 95% to 98%. Technical-grade variants are cost-effective for industrial use, while higher purities are preferred for research. Suppliers often provide certificates of analysis (CoA) detailing assay and impurity profiles. Bulk purchases (e.g., 25 kg drums) may offer price advantages, but lead times can vary. Verify supplier reliability and compliance with REACH or other regional regulations. Sample testing is advisable for quality assurance, especially for catalysis applications where trace impurities can affect performance.
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