Overview
Tetrachloroethane (C2H2Cl4) is a chlorinated hydrocarbon primarily used as an industrial solvent and intermediate in chemical synthesis. Its high density and stability make it suitable for specialized applications like metal cleaning and resin dissolution. First synthesized in the 19th century, it gained prominence in the 20th century for degreasing aircraft components and manufacturing pesticides. Today, stricter environmental regulations limit its use, but it remains relevant in controlled industrial processes.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Tetrachloroethane is a dense, non-flammable liquid with a sweet odor. Its high chlorine content (84.5% by weight) contributes to low reactivity with metals but poses toxicity risks. The compound’s boiling point of 146.2°C allows for easy recovery in solvent-recycling systems. Notably, it forms azeotropes with water and alcohols, complicating purification. Its solubility profile—insoluble in water but miscible with most organic solvents—makes it versatile for formulations requiring hydrophobic properties.
Main Applications
In B2B sectors, tetrachloroethane serves as a solvent for rubber, resins, and waxes, particularly in adhesives and coatings. It’s also used to produce refrigerants like R-130 and as a carrier for sulfur dyes in textiles. The electronics industry employs it for precision degreasing of circuit boards, though alternatives are increasingly preferred due to toxicity. Niche uses include spectroscopic analysis and as a stabilizer for chlorinated solvents.
Safety and Storage
Tetrachloroethane is classified as a Category 2 carcinogen (EU) and requires strict handling. Work areas must have fume hoods, and personnel should wear nitrile gloves and respirators with organic vapor cartridges. Storage mandates corrosion-resistant containers (e.g., glass or fluoropolymer-lined steel) in well-ventilated spaces. Spills should be contained with inert absorbents, and disposal must comply with hazardous waste regulations (e.g., EPA RCRA).
B2B Procurement Guide
Industrial buyers should prioritize suppliers offering technical datasheets with batch-specific purity (≥98%) and impurity profiles. Bulk purchases (200+ liters) typically reduce costs by 20–30%. Verify compliance with regional regulations (e.g., REACH, TSCA). For solvent applications, request samples to test compatibility with target materials. Consider alternatives like perchloroethylene for less toxic options.
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