Overview
Tenascin is a family of large extracellular matrix glycoproteins, first identified in the 1980s. The most studied member, Tenascin-C, is expressed during embryonic development and tissue repair but reappears in pathological conditions like cancer and fibrosis. It modulates cell adhesion through interactions with integrins and other ECM components. Structurally, tenascins feature multiple domains including EGF-like repeats and a fibrinogen-like globe. These proteins exhibit both pro- and anti-adhesive properties depending on cellular context, making them key regulators of tissue architecture and cellular signaling pathways.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Tenascins are high-molecular-weight proteins with variable molecular weights depending on isoform and glycosylation. Tenascin-C typically forms hexameric structures visible by electron microscopy. The proteins are stable at physiological pH but sensitive to prolonged heat above 37°C. Their solubility depends on buffer conditions, with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) being commonly used. The presence of multiple disulfide bonds contributes to their structural stability. Analytical methods like western blotting and ELISA are used to detect tenascins due to their immunogenicity and specific antibody recognition.
Main Applications
In research, tenascins are used to study cell migration, tumor metastasis, and stem cell niches. Pharmaceutical applications include investigating tenascin-C as a biomarker for cancer progression. Tissue engineering utilizes tenascin-coated scaffolds to modulate cell behavior. Clinically, tenascin-C expression correlates with poor prognosis in glioblastoma and breast cancer. Experimental therapies targeting tenascin-C with antibodies or peptides are under development. Its role in cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction is another active research area.
Safety and Storage
Recombinant tenascin should be handled with standard protein precautions—use gloves and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Lyophilized forms are stable for years at -20°C when desiccated; reconstituted solutions last weeks at 4°C with protease inhibitors. While not classified as hazardous, tenascins may influence cell behavior in vitro. Work surfaces should be decontaminated with ethanol after use. Shipping typically requires dry ice for long-term stability.
B2B Procurement Guide
Research-grade tenascin is available from specialized biochemical suppliers. Key procurement factors include: isoform specificity (e.g., Tenascin-C vs -R), species origin (human, mouse), and purity (>90% by SDS-PAGE). Recombinant variants with His-tags simplify purification. Bulk orders (5mg+) may qualify for discounts. Lead times vary—custom expression services require 6-8 weeks. Compare endotoxin levels (<1EU/μg) for cell culture applications. Some suppliers offer activity validation data (e.g., fibroblast adhesion assays).
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