Overview
Ubiquitin ligase (E3) is a pivotal enzyme in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, which regulates protein turnover in eukaryotic cells. It facilitates the transfer of ubiquitin molecules to specific substrate proteins, marking them for degradation by the proteasome. Over 600 E3 ligases exist in humans, classified into RING, HECT, and RBR families based on their catalytic mechanisms. This enzyme plays a central role in cellular processes including cell cycle regulation, DNA repair, and immune response. Dysregulation of ubiquitin ligases is linked to diseases such as cancer, Parkinson’s, and autoimmune disorders, making them prime targets for therapeutic development.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Ubiquitin ligases are protein complexes with molecular weights ranging from 50 to 300 kDa, depending on the subtype and associated proteins. They are typically supplied as lyophilized powders or buffered solutions for research use. Stability varies by subtype, but most require storage at -20°C or below to maintain activity. The enzymes exhibit high substrate specificity, often requiring recognition of degradation signals (degrons) on target proteins. Their activity is pH-dependent, with optimal function near physiological pH (7.0–7.5). Metal ions like zinc are critical for the structural integrity of RING-type ligases.
Main Applications
In research, ubiquitin ligases are tools for studying protein degradation pathways and designing PROTACs (Proteolysis-Targeting Chimeras), a novel class of drugs. They’re used in high-throughput screening for cancer therapies targeting oncoprotein degradation. Industrially, engineered E3 ligases are employed in biopharmaceutical production to control protein expression levels. In agriculture, they’re explored for crop improvement by modulating stress-response proteins. Their role in immune system regulation (e.g., MHC class I antigen presentation) also makes them valuable in immunotherapy development.
Safety and Storage
Ubiquitin ligases require careful handling to preserve enzymatic activity. Lyophilized forms should be reconstituted with cold, degassed buffers to prevent oxidation. Aliquoting is recommended to avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles of liquid stocks. While not inherently hazardous, some commercial preparations may contain preservatives like sodium azide (toxic if ingested). Always consult SDS sheets. For long-term storage, liquid nitrogen preservation is optimal for high-value research-grade enzymes. Shipping typically requires dry ice or cold packs to maintain the cold chain.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring ubiquitin ligases, prioritize suppliers with verified activity assays (e.g., in vitro ubiquitination tests). Key specifications include: purity (>90% by SDS-PAGE), concentration (usually 0.1–1 mg/mL), and batch-to-batch consistency. Recombinant human forms from HEK293 or insect cell systems are preferred for physiological relevance. Leading suppliers include Sigma-Aldrich, Abcam, and BPS Bioscience. For large-scale needs, consider contract production with biotech firms specializing in enzyme expression. MOQs often start at 10 μg for research use, with bulk discounts available at the 100 mg scale. Lead times for custom orders range from 4–12 weeks.
Related Manufacturers
- 主营：ELISA试剂盒、PCR试剂盒、科研试剂
- 主营：大鼠白介素、小鼠脂联素、重组蛋白、表皮生长因子、ELISA试剂盒、细胞因子
- 主营：科研试剂盒、酶免试剂盒、elisa试剂盒、细胞、生物试剂、进口ELISI试剂盒、PCR试剂盒
- 主营：ELISA试剂盒、PCR试剂盒、生化试剂盒、蛋白、抗体、细胞、检测试剂盒
- 主营：igg抗体、试剂盒、粗纤维、糖蛋白、脂蛋白、人瘦素、牛瘦素、犬肾素、人蛋白、猪睾酮、烯二酮、nad激酶、测试盒、牛胆酸、原果胶、磷酸酶、含水量、甜菜碱、igm抗体、dna抗体、磷脂酶、大鼠超、犬叶酸、人胆酸、样受体
- 主营：elisa 试剂盒、Elisa试剂盒、进口试剂盒、国产试剂盒、试剂、细胞、ELISA检测试剂盒、酶联免疫法、酶联免疫试剂盒、酶活性检测、酶标仪检测
- 主营：科研试剂盒、酶免试剂盒、elisa试剂盒、识别蛋白4、细胞、生物试剂、进口ELISA试剂盒、PCR试剂盒、生化测试盒
- 主营：Elisa试剂盒、PCR试剂盒、PCR检测、泛素蛋白连接酶L3抗体、PCR检测试剂盒、核酸检测试剂盒、荧光定量检测试剂盒、荧光定量试剂盒、比色法检测试剂盒、生化试剂盒、比色法试剂盒、酶活性比色法检测试剂盒、酶活性检测试剂盒、微量法检测试剂盒、分光光度检测试剂盒、酶活分光光度试剂盒、ELISA试剂盒、ELISA检测、酶联免疫试剂盒、酶联免疫检测试剂盒、酶联免疫、细胞、抗体
- 主营：检测方、钠尿肽、试剂盒、结合蛋白、微球蛋白、抗胰蛋白酶、蛋白磷酸酶、核心域蛋白1、大鼠e选择素、激活蛋白激酶、大鼠klotho蛋白、同源物、ep300检测、大鼠c-肽(、淋巴瘤因子、死亡激动剂、大鼠janus激酶、大鼠ⅱ型胶原、大鼠ⅳ型胶原、细胞激活因子、大鼠ⅲ型胶原、大鼠nadh脱氢酶1、大鼠ⅵ型胶原α1、elisa 检测试剂盒
- 主营：人25羟基维生素、试剂盒、人低氧诱导因子
- 主营：ELISA试剂盒、抗体
- 主营：ELISA试剂盒、PCR试剂盒、生化试剂盒、蛋白、抗体、细胞
- 主营：ELISA试剂盒、PCR试剂盒、生化试剂盒、脂蛋白、亲环素、蛋白酶、脑蛋白、蛋白质、关基因、钾通道、列抗体、ntp溶液、病毒抗、239抗体、dtt溶液、科研试剂
- 主营：ELISA试剂盒、小鼠ELISA试剂盒、大鼠ELISA试剂盒、生化检测试剂盒、酶联免疫检测试剂盒、人ELISA检测试剂盒、植物检测试剂盒、兔ELISA试剂盒、猪elisa检测试剂盒、犬ELISA试剂盒、科研ELISA检测试剂盒
- 主营：Elisa试剂盒、检测试剂盒、人elisa试剂盒、鼠elisa试剂盒、PCR检测试剂盒、生物试剂盒