Overview
Sugar alcohols, or polyols, are a group of low-calorie sweeteners derived from sugars. They occur naturally in small amounts in fruits and vegetables but are often produced industrially for commercial use. Common types include xylitol, sorbitol, erythritol, and maltitol. Unlike regular sugars, sugar alcohols are not fully absorbed by the body, resulting in fewer calories and a lower glycemic impact. These compounds are widely used in sugar-free and reduced-sugar products, including candies, chewing gums, and diabetic-friendly foods. Their non-cariogenic properties make them popular in oral care products like toothpaste and mouthwash.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Sugar alcohols are typically white, crystalline solids with a sweet taste, though their sweetness intensity varies. For example, xylitol is as sweet as sucrose, while sorbitol is about 60% as sweet. They are highly soluble in water and stable under normal storage conditions. Chemically, sugar alcohols are hydrogenated forms of sugars, which means they have a hydroxyl group (-OH) instead of an aldehyde or ketone group. This structural difference makes them resistant to fermentation by oral bacteria, reducing the risk of tooth decay.
Main Applications
Sugar alcohols are extensively used in the food industry as sugar substitutes, particularly in products marketed as "sugar-free" or "low-carb." They are also employed as bulking agents, humectants, and stabilizers in baked goods, dairy products, and beverages. In the pharmaceutical industry, sugar alcohols serve as excipients in tablets and syrups due to their non-reactivity and sweetening properties. Additionally, their moisturizing effects make them valuable in cosmetics and personal care products.
Safety and Storage
Sugar alcohols are generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by regulatory agencies like the FDA. However, excessive consumption can lead to gastrointestinal discomfort, such as bloating and diarrhea, due to their partial absorption in the gut. Proper storage is essential to maintain their quality. Sugar alcohols should be kept in airtight containers in a cool, dry place to prevent moisture absorption, which can lead to clumping or degradation.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring sugar alcohols, buyers should prioritize suppliers with certifications such as USP (United States Pharmacopeia) or FCC (Food Chemicals Codex) to ensure product quality and safety. It's also advisable to request samples for testing solubility, purity, and taste. Price negotiation is common, especially for bulk purchases. Buyers should compare prices from multiple suppliers and consider factors like shipping costs and lead times. Long-term contracts may offer cost savings for high-volume users.
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