Streptavidin Conjugation
Overview
Streptavidin conjugation refers to the covalent attachment of streptavidin to other molecules (e.g., enzymes, fluorophores, or nanoparticles) to create detection or isolation tools. The streptavidin-biotin interaction is one of the strongest non-covalent bonds in nature, making it invaluable for molecular recognition applications. Originally derived from Streptomyces avidinii, recombinant streptavidin has largely replaced native forms due to its lower nonspecific binding. Modern conjugation techniques allow precise control over the streptavidin-to-ligand ratio, critical for assay performance.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Streptavidin conjugates maintain the core protein's stability across pH 2-11 and temperatures up to 70°C. The tetrameric structure provides four biotin-binding sites per molecule, enabling multivalent interactions. Conjugates are typically supplied in PBS or Tris buffers with stabilizers like BSA or glycerol. The conjugation process often uses amine-, thiol-, or carboxyl-based chemistries, each affecting the final product's properties. Maleimide-linked conjugates offer thiol-specific coupling, while NHS ester reactions target primary amines. The choice depends on the application's sensitivity requirements and the ligand's functional groups.
Main Applications
In diagnostics, streptavidin-HRP conjugates are standard for ELISA development, amplifying signals from biotinylated antibodies. Flow cytometry utilizes streptavidin-fluorophore conjugates to detect multiple targets simultaneously via biotinylated secondary reagents. Nanotechnology applications employ streptavidin-gold or -quantum dot conjugates for electron microscopy and in vivo imaging. Recent advances include streptavidin-conjugated magnetic beads for high-throughput DNA/protein purification, achieving >95% recovery rates in automated systems.
Safety and Storage
While non-toxic, streptavidin conjugates may contain trace impurities from the manufacturing process. Always handle with nitrile gloves and avoid inhalation of lyophilized powder. SDS-PAGE analysis should confirm the absence of degradation products before critical experiments. For storage, aliquoting prevents repeated freeze-thaw cycles that can aggregate proteins. Lyophilized conjugates remain stable for years at -20°C, while liquid formulations typically have 6-12 month shelf lives with proper sterile handling. Avoid sodium azide in storage buffers if the conjugate will be used in vivo.
B2B Procurement Guide
Industrial buyers should request certificates of analysis for each batch, including endotoxin levels (<1 EU/μg for cell culture applications). For diagnostic manufacturing, ensure the supplier provides regulatory support files (e.g., DMF references). Bulk orders (10+ mg) often qualify for 15-30% discounts. Consider suppliers offering custom conjugation services if standard products don't meet your specifications. Lead times for specialized conjugates can range from 4-8 weeks, so plan procurement accordingly for project timelines.
Related Manufacturers
- 主营：催化剂、peg试剂、cy5四氮、AF594标记链霉亲和素、活性脂、苯二胺、2406-34-0、乙氧基、试剂cas、环辛烯、生物素、cb-cyclam、实验室、dbco-acid、半乳糖、溴苯基、交联剂、环己炔、荧光素、3694-51-7、ac4galnal、2001-96-9、葡萄糖、环辛炔、直发cas、糖化学
- 主营：反应活、hydrazide、修饰剂、催化剂、糖蛋白、连接子、激动剂、聚合物、活性脂、胆固醇、钆特酸、催化性、dna标记、络合剂、荧光试剂、雨蛙素、乙二胺、ped结构、衍生物、化合物、链接剂、反应物、生物素
- 主营：在水中、包含肽、含叠氮、链霉亲和素偶联、丙炔基、由氨基、菁染料、peg单元、具有炔、胺hcl盐、阿尔法、催化剂、peg试剂、结构式、氨基nh2、3694-51-7、碘化物、4727-50-8、具有两、带有炔、磺酸基、3065-79-0、aminopeg8、甲基九、bcn基团、荧光素
- 主营：链霉亲和素偶联物、荧光染料、花青素染料
- 主营：培养添加因子、标记试剂盒、特色二抗、链霉亲和素、单抗融合套装、ELISA试剂盒、蛋白纯化试剂盒
- 主营：染料cy3、ifluor820、双nhs酯、链霉亲和素偶联物、50x荧光、ifluor790、试剂盒、ifluor647、1mg蛋白、pcr定量、ifluor860、atp分析、橙钠盐、ifluor460、rna定量、探针hpf、派诺宁、生物素、刚果红、cy7酰肼、蛋白酶、探针apf、ifluor810、抑制剂、funxite-1、封闭剂
- 主营：链霉亲和素偶联物、试剂盒、抗体、试剂
- 主营：吸头、PCR管、八连管、蛋白偶联、离心管、离心瓶、移液管、培养板、培养瓶、培养皿、三角摇瓶
- 主营：黑色吸头、滤芯吸头、透明吸头、琼脂糖链霉亲和素磁珠、导电吸头、盒装吸头、滤芯吸嘴、工作站吸头、高透明吸嘴
- 主营：嵌段共聚物、合成磷脂、荧光染料、PEG、点击化学、量子点
- 主营：荧光素酶、血管紧张素转化酶、乳酸氧化酶、脱氧核糖核酸酶1型、乙酰胆碱酯酶、硫酸软骨素ABC酶、肝素酶
- 主营：离心瓶、透明管、移液管、超薄管、2ml双向、八联管、锥形管、白色管、离心管、样品杯、1ml液体、ep管压盖、灭菌细胞、滤芯独立、黑色刻度、独立包装、医用聚苯、吸附能力、微量离心、灭菌带架、蛋白吸附、包装吸管、转移液体、纸塑包装、白色框架
- 主营：离心瓶、培养皿、培养瓶、螺口管、冻存管、离心管、灭菌吸头、滤芯吸头、导电吸头、滤芯吸嘴、工作站吸头、无热源吸头、细胞移液管、细胞培养板、灭菌枪头盒、移液器吸头、三角细胞摇瓶
- 主营：萘苯胺、甘氨酸、甘氨酰、萘酚绿、硫酸锌、二苯胍、羟钴胺、磷酸铵、牛磺酸、褪黑素、肉桂醇、中性红、碳酸镁、肉桂醛、视黄醛、丙炔酸、alliinase、茜素红、肠激酶、达比加、脯氨酸、异丁苯、辛基酚、碘乙烷、叶绿素
- 主营：酶标条、酶标板、移液器、凸面带、200加长、锥形瓶、pcr八连、聚丙烯、管管盖、移液管、过滤板、培养皿、吸头盒、冷冻管、培养瓶、离心瓶、深孔板、pcr管盒、连排管、反应板、八连管、避光管、螺口管、带滤芯、离心管