Overview
Staphylococcus antibodies are immunoglobulins specifically developed to recognize antigens from Staphylococcus bacteria, including pathogenic strains like S. aureus and MRSA. These antibodies are essential tools in microbiological research, clinical diagnostics, and therapeutic development. Produced through animal immunization or recombinant technology, they exhibit high binding affinity to bacterial surface proteins (e.g., Protein A) or secreted toxins. Commercial variants include monoclonal and polyclonal types, each offering distinct advantages in sensitivity and specificity for different applications.
Physical and Chemical Properties
As immunoglobulin proteins, Staphylococcus antibodies typically have a molecular weight of ~150 kDa (IgG class) and maintain stability in pH 7-9 buffers. Their functionality depends on preserved tertiary structure, which can be compromised by extreme temperatures or denaturing agents. Common formulations include phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) with stabilizers like bovine serum albumin (BSA) or glycerol. Some contain 0.1% sodium azide as a preservative, requiring special handling. Lyophilized versions offer extended shelf life but require precise reconstitution protocols.
Main Applications
In research, these antibodies enable Staphylococcus detection via techniques like ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), Western blotting, and immunofluorescence. They're critical for studying bacterial pathogenesis and host immune responses. Clinically, they're used in rapid diagnostic tests for MRSA colonization and staphylococcal toxin detection in food safety. Emerging applications include antibody-conjugated nanoparticles for targeted antimicrobial therapies and quality control in vaccine production.
Safety and Storage
Proper storage at 2-8°C (liquid) or -20°C (long-term) is crucial to prevent aggregation. Repeated freeze-thaw cycles must be avoided to maintain antibody integrity. Sodium azide-containing formulations require disposal as hazardous waste. When handling, use nitrile gloves and eye protection. Splashes should be rinsed immediately with water. Shipping typically requires cold chain logistics with temperature monitoring to ensure product stability upon arrival.
B2B Procurement Guide
Buyers should specify the antibody's target antigen (e.g., alpha-hemolysin, peptidoglycan), host species (rabbit, mouse, etc.), and intended application (IHC, flow cytometry). Monoclonal antibodies offer batch-to-batch consistency, while polyclonals may provide broader antigen recognition. Request certificates of analysis (CoA) with validation data, including cross-reactivity profiles. For large-volume purchases, inquire about bulk discounts and custom conjugation services (e.g., HRP, fluorescent labels). Lead times for specialty antibodies can exceed 8 weeks.
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