Overview
Span 80, chemically known as Sorbitan Monooleate, is a widely used nonionic surfactant derived from sorbitol and oleic acid. It belongs to the class of Span surfactants, which are known for their emulsifying properties. This compound is particularly valued in industries requiring stable oil-in-water emulsions. Due to its versatility and low toxicity, Span 80 has become a staple in formulations where gentle yet effective emulsification is needed. Its compatibility with a wide range of ingredients makes it a preferred choice for formulators across multiple sectors.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Span 80 presents as an amber-colored viscous liquid at room temperature, with a characteristic mild odor. Its molecular structure features a hydrophilic sorbitan head and a lipophilic oleic acid tail, giving it amphiphilic properties. This structure enables it to reduce surface tension between immiscible liquids. The compound exhibits good solubility in organic solvents like ethanol and oils but is insoluble in water. Its HLB (Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance) value of approximately 4.3 indicates its preference for water-in-oil emulsions. These properties make it particularly effective in systems where oil is the continuous phase.
Main Applications
In the pharmaceutical industry, Span 80 serves as an excipient in topical formulations and as a solubilizing agent for poorly water-soluble drugs. Its emulsifying properties help create stable creams and ointments. The compound is also used in vaccine adjuvants to enhance immune response. The cosmetics industry extensively uses Span 80 in lotions, creams, and makeup products where it helps blend oil and water components. In food applications, it functions as an emulsifier in products like ice cream and baked goods, improving texture and shelf life. Additionally, it finds use in industrial applications such as lubricants and textile processing.
Safety and Storage
Span 80 is generally considered safe for use in regulated applications, with GRAS (Generally Recognized As Safe) status for food use in specified quantities. However, proper handling procedures should be followed, including wearing protective equipment to avoid eye contact and prolonged skin exposure. For storage, the compound should be kept in tightly sealed containers at room temperature, protected from extreme heat and moisture. Under proper conditions, it typically has a shelf life of 2-3 years. Bulk storage should be in corrosion-resistant containers, preferably stainless steel or lined carbon steel.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring Span 80, buyers should specify the required purity grade, which typically ranges from 95% to 99%. Pharmaceutical-grade material requires additional documentation and testing to meet pharmacopeial standards. It's advisable to request certificates of analysis (CoA) for each batch. Suppliers should be evaluated for their ability to provide consistent quality and regulatory documentation. Many manufacturers offer both refined and crude grades, with price variations accordingly. For large-volume purchases, consider establishing long-term contracts to secure stable pricing and supply continuity.
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