Overview
Span 20, chemically known as Sorbitan Monolaurate, is a non-ionic surfactant derived from sorbitol and lauric acid. It is widely recognized for its emulsifying, dispersing, and stabilizing properties. As a key ingredient in various industries, Span 20 is valued for its ability to form stable emulsions between oil and water phases. Its versatility and safety profile make it a preferred choice in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and food products. The compound is typically available as an amber-colored viscous liquid with a mild odor. Due to its non-ionic nature, Span 20 is compatible with a wide range of other surfactants and additives.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Span 20 exhibits a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value of approximately 8.6, making it suitable for water-in-oil (W/O) emulsions. Its molecular structure includes a sorbitan backbone esterified with lauric acid, contributing to its amphiphilic character. The compound is soluble in most organic solvents and oils but has limited solubility in water. Key physical properties include a density of 1.0-1.1 g/cm³ and a melting point around 14-16°C. Span 20 is stable under normal storage conditions but may degrade at high temperatures or in strong acidic/alkaline environments. Its viscosity and solubility can vary slightly depending on the grade and purity.
Main Applications
In the pharmaceutical industry, Span 20 is used as an emulsifier in topical creams, ointments, and oral suspensions. It helps improve drug solubility and bioavailability. Cosmetic formulations, such as lotions and makeup removers, leverage its mildness and emulsifying properties. The food industry employs Span 20 as an additive (E494) in baked goods, ice creams, and whipped toppings to enhance texture and stability. Industrial applications include its use in lubricants, paints, and agrochemicals as a dispersing agent. Its ability to reduce surface tension makes it effective in various emulsion-based systems.
Safety and Storage
Span 20 is generally regarded as safe (GRAS) for use in food and cosmetics when used within recommended limits. However, prolonged skin contact should be avoided to prevent potential irritation. Proper storage involves keeping the product in a tightly sealed container, away from moisture and extreme temperatures. Handling precautions include wearing gloves and eye protection in industrial settings. In case of spills, absorb with inert material and dispose of according to local regulations. The emulsifier is biodegradable, but large-scale disposal should follow environmental guidelines to minimize ecological impact.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring Span 20, buyers should prioritize suppliers who provide certificates of analysis (COA) and material safety data sheets (MSDS). Key specifications to verify include purity (typically 95-99%), HLB value, and absence of heavy metals or other contaminants. Bulk buyers can negotiate better pricing for quantities above 100 kg, with prices commonly ranging between $5-$15/kg depending on purity and supplier. Consider sourcing from manufacturers with ISO or GMP certifications to ensure quality consistency. Sample testing is recommended before large-scale purchases to confirm compatibility with intended applications.
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