Solid Phase Extraction Products
Overview
Solid Phase Extraction Products are consumables used in analytical chemistry for sample preparation. They consist of a solid sorbent material packed in cartridges, plates, or disks that selectively retain target compounds from liquid samples. SPE was developed in the 1970s as a more efficient alternative to liquid-liquid extraction. SPE products are categorized by their sorbent chemistry (e.g., reversed-phase, ion exchange), particle size (typically 40-60 μm), and format (e.g., 1mL, 3mL cartridges). Major manufacturers include Waters, Agilent, and Supelco, offering standardized products for regulatory compliance in industries like pharmaceuticals and environmental testing.
Physical and Chemical Properties
SPE sorbents exhibit high surface area (commonly 300-600 m²/g for silica-based materials) with controlled pore sizes (60-120 Å for small molecules). The most common base materials are silica gel (acidic pH stability) and polymeric resins (wide pH range). Functional groups determine selectivity: C18 (hydrophobic), SCX (strong cation exchange), and NH2 (amino) are prevalent. Modern products may incorporate mixed-mode phases combining multiple interaction mechanisms. Particle morphology affects flow characteristics, with spherical particles offering better reproducibility than irregular ones.
Main Applications
Pharmaceutical analysis employs SPE for drug metabolite isolation from biological fluids, often using mixed-mode cation exchange sorbents. Environmental labs use C18 or HLB phases to concentrate pesticides from water samples per EPA methods. In food safety, SPE products remove lipids before mycotoxin analysis. Forensic applications include drug screening from urine with specialized toxicology cartridges. SPE also enables nucleic acid purification in molecular biology when paired with silica membranes or anion exchange resins.
Safety and Storage
Most SPE products are stable at room temperature but require protection from humidity (silica-based phases) or oxidation (polymer phases). Amino phases need inert gas packing for long-term storage. Some specialty sorbents contain hazardous modifiers like silver ions for olefin capture. User safety precautions include working in fume hoods when eluting with volatile organic solvents (e.g., methanol, acetonitrile). Disposal follows local regulations for chemical-contaminated plastics, with some cartridges classified as hazardous waste depending on extracted analytes.
B2B Procurement Guide
For method development, purchase SPE method development kits containing multiple chemistries (e.g., Waters Oasis HLB, C18, WCX). High-throughput labs should opt for 96-well plates with compatible vacuum manifolds. Verify certification for regulated industries (e.g., USP for pharmaceuticals). Bulk buyers can request custom sorbent loads (e.g., 500mg instead of standard 200mg) for difficult matrices. Consider automated SPE systems when processing >100 samples/day. Leading suppliers provide application-specific technical support including method optimization services.
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