Overview
Sodium Dichlorophenoxyacetate, commonly known as 2,4-D sodium salt, is a synthetic auxin herbicide widely used in agriculture for selective weed control. It is the sodium salt form of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), a phenoxy herbicide developed in the 1940s. The compound targets broadleaf weeds while sparing grasses, making it valuable in cereal crops and turf management. As a systemic herbicide, it is absorbed by leaves and translocated to growing points, disrupting normal growth. Its effectiveness and relatively low cost have made it one of the most widely used herbicides globally. Regulatory approvals vary by country, with restrictions in some regions due to environmental and health concerns.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Sodium Dichlorophenoxyacetate appears as a white to off-white crystalline powder with high water solubility, which facilitates its application as a liquid spray. It decomposes at approximately 215°C without boiling. The compound is stable under normal temperatures and pressures but may decompose under extreme conditions, releasing toxic fumes including hydrogen chloride. Its molecular structure features a phenoxy ring with chlorine substitutions at the 2 and 4 positions, and a sodium carboxylate group that enhances water solubility. This ionic character distinguishes it from the parent 2,4-D acid, which has lower water solubility. The sodium salt form is often preferred for formulations requiring high solubility in aqueous systems.
Main Applications
The primary application of Sodium Dichlorophenoxyacetate is in agriculture for post-emergent control of broadleaf weeds in crops such as wheat, corn, rice, and sorghum. It is also used in non-crop areas like roadsides and industrial sites. The herbicide is particularly effective against dandelions, plantain, and clover while leaving grasses unharmed. In turf management, it maintains weed-free lawns and sports fields. Some formulations combine it with other herbicides like dicamba for enhanced weed spectrum control. Application rates typically range from 0.5 to 2 kg per hectare, depending on target weeds and crop tolerance. Timing is critical - applications are most effective during active weed growth stages.
Safety and Storage
Sodium Dichlorophenoxyacetate is classified as harmful if swallowed and causes skin and eye irritation. Appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) including gloves, goggles, and protective clothing should be worn during handling. Inhalation of dust should be avoided by using adequate ventilation or respiratory protection. Storage requires a cool, dry place in tightly sealed containers away from food and feed. Incompatible materials include strong oxidizers and acids. Spills should be contained and cleaned up promptly to prevent environmental contamination. Disposal must comply with local regulations, as the compound may pose risks to aquatic organisms.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring Sodium Dichlorophenoxyacetate in bulk, verify the CAS number (2702-72-9) and request certificates of analysis confirming purity (typically 95-98%). Technical grade is sufficient for agricultural use, while higher purity may be needed for formulation. Consider suppliers with proper storage facilities and transportation arrangements for hazardous materials. Price negotiation is possible for large quantities (tonnage), with discounts often available. Evaluate supplier reliability, regulatory compliance, and ability to provide consistent quality. International shipments require proper hazardous material documentation. Some regions may require import permits for pesticide ingredients, so verify all regulatory requirements before purchase.
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