Overview
Sisomicin is an aminoglycoside antibiotic derived from Micromonospora inyoensis. It is structurally similar to gentamicin but exhibits slightly broader antibacterial activity. Clinically, it is used to treat severe infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. The antibiotic works by binding to the 30S subunit of bacterial ribosomes, inhibiting protein synthesis and leading to bacterial cell death. Its use is typically reserved for hospital settings due to its potential side effects, such as nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Sisomicin is a white to off-white crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 447.53 g/mol. It is soluble in water and slightly soluble in methanol but insoluble in most organic solvents. The compound is stable in aqueous solutions at neutral pH but may degrade under acidic or alkaline conditions. Its melting point ranges between 220-230°C, though it tends to decompose at higher temperatures. The antibiotic is hygroscopic and should be stored in airtight containers to prevent moisture absorption, which can affect its potency.
Main Applications
Sisomicin is primarily used in clinical settings to treat severe bacterial infections, including respiratory tract infections, urinary tract infections, and septicemia. It is particularly effective against Gram-negative bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Proteus species. In veterinary medicine, sisomicin is occasionally used to treat infections in livestock. However, its use is limited due to the availability of alternative antibiotics with fewer side effects. Research is ongoing to explore its potential in combination therapies to combat antibiotic-resistant strains.
Safety and Storage
Sisomicin poses risks of nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, particularly with prolonged use or high doses. Proper handling is essential; use gloves, goggles, and lab coats to avoid direct contact. In case of exposure, rinse affected areas with water immediately. Store sisomicin in a cool, dry place (2-8°C) away from light and moisture. Ensure containers are tightly sealed to prevent degradation. Shelf life typically ranges from 24 to 36 months when stored correctly, but always check the manufacturer's guidelines.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring sisomicin, verify the CAS number (32385-11-8) and purity level (typically ≥98%). Reputable suppliers should provide certificates of analysis (CoA) and comply with Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). Prices vary based on quantity and purity, ranging from approximately $50 to $100 per gram. Bulk purchases may qualify for discounts. Consider suppliers with a track record in pharmaceutical raw materials and ensure they offer proper storage and shipping conditions to maintain product integrity.
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