Overview
SH-PEG, or Thiol-Polyethylene Glycol, is a heterobifunctional PEG derivative featuring a reactive thiol (-SH) group. It is a cornerstone reagent in bioconjugation chemistry due to its ability to form stable thioether bonds with maleimides or disulfide bridges with other thiols. The polyethylene glycol backbone provides hydrophilicity and stealth properties, making it invaluable in biomedical applications. First synthesized in the 1970s, SH-PEG has evolved into a modular tool for drug delivery systems, surface passivation, and crosslinking. Its commercial variants include SH-PEG-NH2, SH-PEG-COOH, and multi-arm architectures, catering to diverse conjugation needs.
Physical and Chemical Properties
SH-PEG exhibits water solubility exceeding 100 mg/mL, with viscosity increasing proportionally to molecular weight. The thiol group (pKa ~8.3) is prone to oxidation, necessitating reducing agents like TCEP for long-term stability. Its hydrodynamic radius ranges from 1–10 nm, depending on chain length. Thermogravimetric analysis shows decomposition above 200°C, with PEG chains depolymerizing into volatile fragments. NMR spectra typically display characteristic ethylene oxide peaks (δ 3.6–3.8 ppm) and thiol proton signals (δ 1.5–2.0 ppm). FTIR confirms C-O-C stretching (1100 cm⁻¹) and S-H absorption (2550 cm⁻¹).
Main Applications
In drug delivery, SH-PEG conjugates with therapeutic proteins (e.g., interferons) to prolong circulation half-life by reducing renal clearance. Gold nanoparticle stabilization leverages thiol-gold affinity, creating stealth coatings for in vivo imaging. SH-PEG is critical in hydrogel formation via Michael addition with acrylates or thiol-ene click chemistry. Industrial uses include antifouling surface modification (e.g., biosensors) and lubricant additives. Recent research explores its role in CRISPR carrier systems and mRNA vaccine stabilization.
Safety and Storage
Thiol oxidation forms disulfides, rendering SH-PEG inactive. Always purge containers with inert gas and add stabilizers (0.1–1% EDTA). Decomposition products include ethylene oxide—a known carcinogen—requiring fume hood use during heating. Store lyophilized powder at –20°C with desiccant; solutions should be used within 48 hours unless stabilized. Spills require neutralization with dilute hydrogen peroxide (1–3%) followed by water flushing. PPE includes nitrile gloves and safety goggles.
B2B Procurement Guide
For biopharma applications, request endotoxin (<0.1 EU/mg) and heavy metal (Pb <5 ppm) testing reports. Industrial-grade SH-PEG (90–95% purity) suits non-medical uses at lower costs. Bulk orders (≥1kg) often qualify for 15–30% discounts. Key suppliers include Sigma-Aldrich (PharmGrade), JenKem Technology (GMP), and NOF Corporation. Lead times vary from 2 weeks (standard MWs) to 8 weeks (custom architectures). For surface modification projects, opt for SH-PEG-MAL (maleimide) for oriented conjugation.
Related Manufacturers
- 主营：甲酸镍、水苏糖、阻燃剂、柠檬醛、西瓜酮、氢醌酯、卡必醇、消泡剂、磷酸铁、肉桂醇、肉桂醛、碳酸镉、磷酸铝、银墨水、椰油胺、封装胶、化合物、桦木油、稀释剂、羟乙基、乙硫氮、润肤剂、球虫酯、矮壮素、异龙脑
- 主营：生物素、马来酰亚胺、叶酸peg巯基、聚乙二醇马来、聚乙二醇叠氮
- 主营：单分散peg、聚乙二醇、马来酰亚胺
- 主营：荧光染料、花青素染料
- 主营：特殊peg
- 主营：纳米颗粒、脂质体
- 主营：磷脂聚乙二醇、胆固醇聚乙二醇、PLGA、功能化聚乙二醇、硬脂酸聚乙二醇、透明质酸、聚乙内酯、聚乳酸、葡聚糖、DOPE
- 主营：嵌段共聚物、合成磷脂、荧光染料、PEG、点击化学、量子点
- 主营：上转换纳米粒子、聚乙二醇PEG衍生物、嵌段聚合物、纳米材料、荧光染料、金纳米粒、银纳米粒、二氧化硅、聚苯乙烯、四氧化三铁
- 主营：反应活、hydrazide、修饰剂、催化剂、糖蛋白、连接子、激动剂、聚合物、活性脂、胆固醇、钆特酸、催化性、dna标记、络合剂、荧光试剂、雨蛙素、乙二胺、ped结构、衍生物、化合物、链接剂、反应物、生物素
- 主营：催化剂、peg试剂、cy5四氮、活性脂、苯二胺、2406-34-0、乙氧基、试剂cas、环辛烯、生物素、cb-cyclam、实验室、dbco-acid、半乳糖、溴苯基、交联剂、环己炔、荧光素、3694-51-7、ac4galnal、2001-96-9、葡萄糖、环辛炔、直发cas、糖化学
- 主营：碳酸铝、防霉剂、氯化铋、氮化硅、破乳剂、硅酸镁、磷酸铝、化学试剂、抗静电剂、乙酸乙酯、氢氧化镁、焦磷酸钠、干燥通风、次磷酸镁、氯化氢乙醇、氯化氢甲醇、聚丙烯酸钾、闪点提高剂、柴油降凝剂、硫代硫酸铵、聚丙烯酰胺、多聚磷酸钠、25公斤纸板桶、硫代乙醇酸钠、高分子絮凝剂
- 主营：DMG-PEG
- 主营：乙醇胺、mpeg-maca、甲醚酰肼、单甲醚乙酸、单甲醚氨基、马来酰亚胺、单甲醚马来、单甲醚叠氮、单甲醚丙炔、单甲醚卤代烃、单甲醚苯甲醛、甲醚环氧丙烷、甲基丙烯酸酯、甲醚二苯基环、甲醚异氰酸酯、单甲醚乙烯基、聚乙二醇单甲醚
- 主营：砷酸锂、白云石、水合物、氮化锌、144205-68-5、二叔丁基、利多卡因、碳化钨钴、泛影葡胺、化合物库、1093222-27-5、羟基苯基、八钼酸铵、生化试剂、苯甲酸乙酯、熊去氧胆酸、胆酸二水合、乙酰丙酮锌、湿法云母粉、六氟磷酸盐、干法云母粉、苯碳酸甲酯、脱氧胆酸二水、氨基二琥珀酸、对乙酰氨基苯酚