Overview
Sevoflurane is a halogenated ether used as an inhalation anesthetic in modern medical practice. Developed in the late 20th century, it has become one of the most commonly used volatile anesthetics due to its favorable pharmacokinetic profile. The compound offers rapid induction and recovery characteristics, making it particularly useful for outpatient surgeries. As a fluorinated compound, sevoflurane demonstrates excellent stability and minimal metabolism in the body. Its chemical structure contributes to low blood-gas solubility, allowing precise control over anesthetic depth. The World Health Organization includes sevoflurane in its List of Essential Medicines, recognizing its importance in surgical care.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Sevoflurane is a clear, colorless liquid at room temperature with a characteristic ethereal odor. Its relatively low boiling point of 58.6°C enables easy vaporization for inhalation administration. The compound's density of 1.52 g/cm³ indicates it is heavier than water. The molecular structure contains seven fluorine atoms, contributing to its chemical stability and non-flammability. Sevoflurane shows limited solubility in water (0.6% at 20°C) but mixes well with organic solvents like ethanol and ether. These properties make it suitable for use in precision vaporizers that deliver controlled concentrations during anesthesia.
Main Applications
Sevoflurane is primarily used for induction and maintenance of general anesthesia across all age groups, from pediatric to geriatric patients. Its rapid onset (within 1-2 minutes) and quick recovery profile make it ideal for short surgical procedures. The compound is commonly employed in neurosurgery due to its minimal effects on cerebral blood flow. In veterinary medicine, sevoflurane serves as an anesthetic for small animals. The pharmaceutical formulation typically contains no additives, though it may include stabilizers to prevent degradation. Modern anesthesia machines specifically designed for volatile agents ensure safe and accurate delivery of sevoflurane vapor during surgical procedures.
Safety and Storage
Proper handling of sevoflurane requires adherence to strict safety protocols. While non-flammable, the liquid and vapor should be kept away from open flames or high temperatures. Storage recommendations include maintaining containers in well-ventilated areas at temperatures below 30°C. Occupational exposure limits for sevoflurane vapor are typically set at 2 ppm (8-hour TWA) in many jurisdictions. Scavenging systems must be used in operating rooms to prevent workplace contamination. The compound may decompose when exposed to certain desiccants or CO2 absorbents, requiring careful selection of anesthesia circuit components.
B2B Procurement Guide
Pharmaceutical purchasers should verify that sevoflurane suppliers hold current Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) certifications. Bulk procurement typically involves 250 ml amber glass bottles packed in protective cartons. Key quality parameters include purity (≥99.9%), water content (<0.1%), and absence of degradation products. Import/export considerations include proper classification under HS code 3004.90 for medicinal preparations. Temperature-controlled logistics are recommended for transportation. Buyers should request certificates of analysis and stability data to ensure product integrity throughout the supply chain. Current market prices fluctuate based on regional demand and manufacturing capacity.
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