Overview
sec-Butanol, or 2-butanol, is a secondary alcohol with the molecular formula C4H10O. It is a colorless, flammable liquid with a characteristic alcoholic odor. As a versatile solvent, it is widely used in industrial applications, including the production of paints, coatings, and pharmaceuticals. Its role as an intermediate in chemical synthesis further enhances its importance in the chemical industry. sec-Butanol is produced through the hydration of butene or as a byproduct of fermentation. Its miscibility with water and organic solvents makes it a valuable component in various formulations. Despite its utility, it requires careful handling due to its flammability and mild toxicity.
Physical and Chemical Properties
sec-Butanol exhibits typical properties of secondary alcohols, including a boiling point of 99.5°C and a melting point of -114.7°C. Its density is 0.808 g/cm³ at 20°C, and it is miscible with water, ethanol, and ether. The compound is volatile and evaporates quickly, which is advantageous in applications requiring fast-drying solvents. Chemically, sec-butanol can undergo oxidation to form methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), a widely used industrial solvent. It also participates in esterification and dehydration reactions, making it a useful intermediate in organic synthesis. Its flammability and reactivity with strong oxidizing agents necessitate proper storage and handling precautions.
Main Applications
sec-Butanol is primarily used as a solvent in the production of paints, coatings, and varnishes. Its ability to dissolve a wide range of substances makes it ideal for formulations requiring consistent performance and quick drying times. Additionally, it serves as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry for drug formulation and extraction processes. In the chemical industry, sec-butanol is a key intermediate in the synthesis of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), which is further used in the production of plastics, textiles, and adhesives. It also finds applications in the manufacture of flavors and fragrances, where its mild odor and solvent properties are advantageous.
Safety and Storage
sec-Butanol is flammable and should be stored in a cool, well-ventilated area away from ignition sources. Containers must be tightly sealed to prevent evaporation and minimize exposure to air. Proper grounding is essential to avoid static discharge during transfer operations. Exposure to sec-butanol can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves and goggles, is recommended when handling the chemical. In case of spills, absorb with inert material and dispose of according to local regulations.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring sec-butanol, buyers should prioritize suppliers with certifications such as ISO or GMP to ensure product quality and consistency. Purity levels (typically 98-99.5%) should be verified through certificates of analysis (CoA). Bulk purchasing can reduce costs, but storage capacity and shelf-life considerations must be evaluated. Transportation logistics should account for sec-butanol's flammability, requiring compliance with hazardous material regulations. Buyers may also explore alternative solvents or derivatives if cost or safety concerns arise. Establishing long-term supplier relationships can ensure stable pricing and reliable delivery schedules.
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