Overview
Raw Citronellol is a naturally occurring terpene alcohol derived primarily from citronella oil, rose oil, and other essential oils. As one of the most important fragrance compounds in the flavor and fragrance industry, it exists in two enantiomeric forms (R and S) which differ in their olfactory characteristics. The compound has been commercially significant since the early 20th century when synthetic production methods were developed. Today, it serves as a building block for numerous fragrance compounds and finds applications beyond perfumery, including as an intermediate in the synthesis of other chemicals.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Citronellol is a colorless to slightly yellow viscous liquid with a characteristic sweet, floral odor reminiscent of roses. The substance has a refractive index of 1.454-1.462 and flash point around 100°C, classifying it as a combustible liquid. Chemically, citronellol is relatively stable but can undergo typical alcohol reactions including esterification and oxidation. The R-enantiomer generally has a more desirable floral odor profile compared to the S-form, making enantiomeric composition an important quality parameter for fragrance applications.
Main Applications
In perfumery, citronellol is valued for its rose-like scent and is used in floral compositions, particularly in rose, lily, and geranium accords. It serves as a modifier and blender in many fragrance formulations, comprising up to 30% of some rose oil reconstructions. The food industry utilizes citronellol as a flavoring agent, typically in fruit flavors (especially citrus and berry notes). Additionally, it finds use in household products like soaps, detergents, and cleaning agents for its pleasant odor and antimicrobial properties.
Safety and Storage
As a combustible liquid, citronellol requires careful handling away from heat and ignition sources. Proper storage involves keeping containers tightly closed in well-ventilated areas at temperatures below 30°C. Secondary containment is recommended to prevent environmental contamination in case of spills. Personal protective equipment including gloves and eye protection should be used when handling concentrated citronellol. While it has low acute toxicity, prolonged skin contact may cause irritation or sensitization in some individuals. Proper ventilation should be maintained during large-scale processing.
B2B Procurement Guide
When sourcing citronellol, buyers should specify required purity (typically 90-98%), enantiomeric ratio (R/S), and whether natural or synthetic origin is preferred. Natural citronellol commands premium pricing but may be required for certain organic or natural product formulations. Key procurement considerations include batch-to-batch consistency, certification of analysis (including GC profiles), and supplier compliance with relevant regulations (IFRA, FDA, REACH). For large orders, requesting samples for olfactory evaluation is advisable due to variations in odor profiles between different production methods.
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