Overview
Quicklime, or calcium oxide (CaO), is a fundamental industrial chemical produced by calcining limestone at high temperatures. In its lump form, it serves as a versatile construction material due to its binding and stabilizing properties. Historically, quicklime has been used since ancient times for mortar and plaster. Modern applications span construction, metallurgy (e.g., steelmaking), and environmental processes like flue gas treatment. Its reactivity with water (slaking) makes it indispensable for soil stabilization and waste treatment.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Quicklime appears as white or grayish lumps with a high melting point (2572°C) and density (3.34 g/cm³). It is highly alkaline (pH ~12.5) and reacts exothermically with water, producing calcium hydroxide and releasing significant heat. Key chemical properties include its hygroscopic nature and ability to absorb CO₂ from the air, gradually converting to calcium carbonate. These traits necessitate airtight storage. The material’s purity is critical for industrial use, typically graded at 90-95% CaO for construction purposes.
Main Applications
In construction, quicklime stabilizes soils and produces mortar or plaster when slaked. It is also used in asphalt mixtures and brick manufacturing. Metallurgical processes rely on it as a flux to remove impurities during steel production. Environmental applications include water treatment (pH adjustment) and flue gas desulfurization. In chemical synthesis, it serves as a precursor for calcium compounds and a drying agent. Smaller quantities are used in food processing (e.g., corn soaking for tortillas).
Safety and Storage
Quicklime is corrosive and can cause severe burns upon contact with skin or eyes. Always wear gloves, goggles, and respiratory protection when handling. Storage requires dry, airtight containers to prevent moisture absorption and unintended slaking. Fire hazards arise from its exothermic reaction with water. Avoid storing near flammable materials. Spills should be contained with dry sand or vermiculite; never use water for cleanup. Transport regulations often classify it as a hazardous material.
B2B Procurement Guide
When sourcing lump quicklime, prioritize suppliers with ISO certifications and batch-specific purity analysis (aim for >90% CaO). Packaging should be moisture-proof, typically in lined bags or sealed bulk containers. Pricing depends on volume, purity, and regional availability. Bulk purchases (e.g., 20-ton loads) often reduce costs by 10-20%. Logistics should minimize exposure to humidity during transit. For construction projects, verify compatibility with local soil or material standards.
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