Overview
Protoporphyrin (PPIX) is an organic compound and a critical intermediate in the biosynthesis of heme, the oxygen-binding component of hemoglobin. It belongs to the porphyrin family, characterized by a tetrapyrrole ring structure. PPIX is naturally produced in living organisms and plays a central role in cellular respiration and energy metabolism. In industrial and research contexts, protoporphyrin is synthesized or extracted for applications ranging from medical diagnostics to materials science. Its ability to chelate metal ions, particularly iron, makes it invaluable in studying heme-related biological pathways and developing therapeutic agents.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Protoporphyrin IX appears as a dark red to brown crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 562.66 g/mol. It exhibits strong fluorescence under UV light, a property leveraged in biochemical assays. The compound is thermally stable but decomposes at temperatures exceeding 300°C. Solubility is a key consideration: PPIX dissolves well in polar organic solvents like dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and chloroform but has limited solubility in water. This property influences its handling and formulation in laboratory settings. The molecule’s planar structure and conjugated double-bond system contribute to its light sensitivity, requiring protection from prolonged exposure to light during storage and use.
Main Applications
In biomedical research, protoporphyrin is pivotal for studying heme biosynthesis disorders such as porphyrias. It serves as a precursor in enzymatic assays and as a standard in diagnostic kits. The compound’s photosensitivity has led to its use in photodynamic therapy (PDT) for cancer treatment, where it generates reactive oxygen species upon light activation. Industrial applications include its role as a catalyst in organic synthesis and as a functional component in sensors. PPIX-coated electrodes, for instance, are employed in electrochemical biosensors due to their redox activity. Additionally, the dye and pigment industries utilize derivatives of protoporphyrin for specialized colorants.
Safety and Storage
Protoporphyrin requires careful handling due to its potential to cause skin and eye irritation. Laboratory personnel should use gloves, goggles, and protective clothing. The compound’s photosensitivity necessitates storage in amber vials or opaque containers at low temperatures (-20°C), ideally under inert gas to prevent oxidation. Spills should be contained with absorbent materials and disposed of as hazardous waste. While not classified as acutely toxic, prolonged exposure should be avoided. Safety data sheets (SDS) from suppliers must be reviewed for specific handling protocols, especially in large-scale industrial applications.
B2B Procurement Guide
When sourcing protoporphyrin, prioritize suppliers with ISO certification or GMP compliance for research-grade material. Key specifications to confirm include purity (typically ≥95% by HPLC), CAS number (553-12-8), and batch-specific analytical reports. Bulk buyers should request samples for quality validation. Pricing varies based on purity and quantity, with research-grade material commonly ranging from $50 to $200 per gram. For diagnostic or therapeutic applications, regulatory documentation (e.g., DMFs) may be required. Lead times can extend to 4–6 weeks for custom syntheses. Consider partnering with suppliers offering technical support for specialized applications like PDT agent formulation.
Related Manufacturers
- 主营：骨密度仪、双能x线骨密度仪、超声骨密度仪、锌原卟啉血液分析仪、制氧机、AED除颤仪、麻醉机、电子血压计、微波治疗仪、心电监护仪、血糖仪、肺功能仪、眼科激光治疗仪、血氧仪、高分子夹板、血管鞘、急救包、喉镜、高压注射器、手术显微镜、听力筛查仪、视力筛查仪、呼吸机、牙科综合治疗台、临时起搏器、可视喉镜
- 主营：ELISA试剂盒、PCR试剂盒、科研试剂
- 主营：ELISA试剂盒、PCR试剂盒、生化试剂盒、游离原卟啉ELISA试剂盒、蛋白、抗体、细胞、检测试剂盒
- 主营：ELISA试剂盒、PCR试剂盒、生化试剂盒、游离原卟啉ELISA试剂盒、蛋白、抗体、细胞
- 主营：猴原卟啉原氧化酶、ELISA试剂盒、抗体
- 主营：科研试剂盒、酶免试剂盒、elisa试剂盒、植物原卟啉原氧化酶、细胞、生物试剂、进口ELISA试剂盒、PCR试剂盒、生化测试盒
- 主营：酶cγ链、α2巨球、素d合成、人游离原卟啉elisaKit、纤连蛋白、抗组蛋白、肌醇抗体、蛋白样环、敏感蛋白、牛骨钙素、蛋白重链、金属肽酶、乳球蛋白、钩端螺旋、蛋白激酶、高血糖素、钙调蛋白、小鼠α1抗、ELISA试剂盒、pcr检测试剂、生化检测试剂
- 主营：ELISA试剂盒、PCR试剂盒、生化试剂盒、人游离原卟啉ELISAKit、科研试剂
- 主营：试剂盒、人类风湿因子、微生物细胞色素、原代培养细胞、细胞、ELISA检测试剂盒、类风湿检测试剂、酶联免疫试剂盒、微生物检测试剂、抗体检测试剂盒、炎症因子试剂盒、血清检测试剂盒、肿瘤标志物试剂、真菌检测试剂盒、生化分析试剂盒、HEC-1-A 细胞、细胞株、肺癌体外细胞模型、乳腺肿瘤细胞株、小鼠结肠癌细胞、多发性骨髓瘤细胞、肠道癌细胞系、髓母细胞瘤冻存株、乳腺肿瘤细胞、结肠癌细胞系
- 主营：植物硫氧化还原蛋白、试剂盒、信号调节激酶、人转谷氨酰胺酶
- 主营：肉桂醛、肉桂酸、汉防己甲素、原卟啉二甲酯、阻燃剂、褪黑素、甘氨酸、增塑剂
- 主营：原卟啉二甲酯、硅油树脂、中间体、香精香料
- 主营：ELISA、分光光度法、微量法、ELISA试剂盒、大鼠试剂盒、小鼠试剂盒、人试剂盒、植物试剂盒、酶联免疫法、MEGAZYME、大鼠ELISA试剂盒、小鼠ELISA试剂盒、人ELISA试剂盒、植物ELISA 试剂盒、白介素试剂盒、细胞因子试剂盒、激素试剂盒、科研试剂盒、化学试剂、检测试剂盒、土壤试剂盒、土壤酶活性检测
- 主营：scl-70igg、人1α羟、试剂盒、胶原c端、5α还原酶、胶原n末端、葡聚糖、大鼠11β、16α羟基、1iga抗体、2-he2elisa、1igm抗体、25二羟基、17羟孕酮、dna糖苷酶、研启生物、去氢血栓、人胰岛素、大鼠8羟基、25羟基维生、2，5寡腺苷、大鼠25羟基、11脱氢血栓、羟基壬烯醛、三磷酸肌醇
- 主营：ELISA试剂盒、PCR试剂盒、生化试剂盒、EP红细胞原卟啉ELISAKit、脂蛋白、关基因、亲环素、钾通道、列抗体、ntp溶液、蛋白酶、脑蛋白、病毒抗、蛋白质、239抗体、dtt溶液、科研试剂