Overview
Penicillin Potassium, also known as Potassium penicillin G, is a salt form of benzylpenicillin. It belongs to the beta-lactam class of antibiotics and is derived from the Penicillium mold. This compound is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry due to its effectiveness against a range of Gram-positive bacterial infections. As a water-soluble salt, Penicillin Potassium is commonly formulated into injectable solutions or oral medications. Its stability and solubility make it a preferred choice for clinical applications. The compound has been a cornerstone in antibiotic therapy since its discovery in the mid-20th century.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Penicillin Potassium appears as a white to off-white crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 372.49 g/mol. It is freely soluble in water, which facilitates its use in liquid formulations. The compound decomposes at temperatures around 215-217°C, and its solubility in ethanol is limited. Key chemical properties include its beta-lactam ring structure, which is essential for its antibacterial activity. The potassium salt form enhances stability and solubility compared to the free acid form. Proper storage is critical to maintain potency, as exposure to moisture, heat, or light can degrade the compound.
Main Applications
Penicillin Potassium is primarily used in the treatment of infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria, such as streptococci and staphylococci. It is formulated into injectable solutions for systemic infections or as oral tablets for less severe cases. The compound is also used in veterinary medicine. In addition to human and animal healthcare, Penicillin Potassium is employed in research laboratories for studying bacterial resistance mechanisms. Its broad-spectrum activity and historical significance make it a benchmark in antibiotic development and testing.
Safety and Storage
Penicillin Potassium must be handled with care due to the risk of allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis in sensitive individuals. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves and masks, should be worn during handling. Storage conditions should be dry and cool, ideally below 25°C, to prevent degradation. In case of accidental exposure, immediate medical attention may be required. The compound should be kept away from incompatible substances, such as strong oxidizers. Proper labeling and documentation are essential for safe storage and transportation in compliance with regulatory standards.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring Penicillin Potassium, buyers should verify the CAS number (113-98-4) and ensure the product meets pharmacopeia standards such as USP or EP. Purity levels, typically ranging from 98% to 99.5%, should be confirmed via certificates of analysis (CoA). Price ranges vary depending on quantity and supplier reputation, with bulk purchases often offering discounts. Reliable suppliers should provide material safety data sheets (MSDS) and comply with Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). Buyers are advised to sample-test batches for consistency and potency before large-scale procurement.
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