Overview
Potassium Glucoside is an anionic surfactant synthesized through the reaction of glucose with fatty alcohols, followed by potassium hydroxide neutralization. As a derivative of alkyl polyglucosides (APGs), it combines the mildness of sugar-based surfactants with enhanced water solubility due to the potassium ion. It is favored in eco-conscious formulations for its renewable raw materials and biodegradability. Unlike traditional sulfates, Potassium Glucoside maintains cleaning efficacy while being gentler on skin and mucous membranes. Its compatibility with other surfactants and stability across a wide pH range make it versatile for cosmetic and industrial applications.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Potassium Glucoside typically appears as a viscous liquid with low odor and demonstrates high thermal stability up to 70°C. Its surface tension reduction capability (30-40 mN/m) is comparable to conventional surfactants, enabling effective wetting and emulsification. The potassium salt form enhances water solubility compared to sodium or magnesium glucosides. Chemically, it exhibits resistance to hard water and maintains foam stability even in acidic or alkaline conditions (pH 2-12). Its critical micelle concentration (CMC) ranges between 0.01-0.1%, depending on the alkyl chain length (commonly C8-C14).
Main Applications
In personal care, Potassium Glucoside serves as a primary surfactant in sulfate-free shampoos, sensitive skin cleansers, and baby products, often combined with cocamidopropyl betaine for synergistic effects. Its low irritation profile meets ECOCERT and COSMOS standards for natural cosmetics. Industrial applications include biodegradable dishwashing liquids, all-purpose cleaners, and agrochemical adjuvants. In niche markets, it functions as a foaming agent for firefighting foams and a dispersant in pigment formulations. Recent innovations explore its use in micellar water formulations and oil-in-water nanoemulsions.
Safety and Storage
Classified as non-hazardous under GHS, Potassium Glucoside requires no special handling precautions beyond basic PPE (gloves, goggles). Prolonged undiluted skin contact may cause mild dryness, but it is non-sensitizing. Spills should be contained with absorbent materials and rinsed with water. Storage in HDPE or stainless steel containers is recommended to prevent contamination. Shelf life typically exceeds 24 months when stored properly, though viscosity changes may occur below 10°C (reversible upon warming). Incompatible with strong oxidizers and cationic surfactants.
B2B Procurement Guide
Industrial buyers should specify parameters such as active matter content (typically 50-70%), free fatty alcohol limits (<1%), and potassium oxide content (8-12%). Batch certificates should confirm absence of 1,4-dioxane (<10 ppm) and heavy metals. For green chemistry projects, seek suppliers providing mass balance certification or USDA BioPreferred documentation. Bulk shipments (IBC totes or tankers) offer 15-30% cost savings versus drum quantities. Key global suppliers include BASF, Clariant, and Zhangjiagang Huachang Pharmaceutical.