Overview
Phosphorus Oxychloride (POCl3) is an inorganic compound with significant industrial applications due to its reactivity as a phosphorylating agent. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid that fumes in moist air, reflecting its sensitivity to hydrolysis. First synthesized in the 19th century, POCl3 is now a staple in chemical manufacturing, particularly for pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals. Its role in organic synthesis, such as converting carboxylic acids to acid chlorides or alcohols to alkyl chlorides, makes it indispensable in laboratories and production facilities. The compound’s versatility also extends to niche uses, including lithium-ion battery electrolytes and optical fiber production.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Phosphorus Oxychloride exhibits a density of 1.645 g/cm³ and boils at 105.8°C, with a pungent odor characteristic of reactive halides. Its molecular structure features a tetrahedral geometry around the phosphorus atom, bonded to three chlorine atoms and one oxygen atom. The compound reacts violently with water, releasing hydrogen chloride (HCl) gas and phosphoric acid. This exothermic reaction necessitates strict moisture control during storage and handling. POCl3 is miscible with non-polar solvents but decomposes in protic solvents. Its high reactivity enables it to act as a Lewis acid, participating in chlorination and phosphorylation reactions.
Main Applications
In the pharmaceutical industry, POCl3 is a key reagent for synthesizing active ingredients, such as antiviral drugs and kinase inhibitors. It facilitates the formation of phosphate esters and amides, crucial for drug bioavailability. Another major use is in semiconductor manufacturing, where it serves as a dopant source for silicon wafers, enhancing electrical properties. Additionally, POCl3 is employed to produce flame retardants like tris(2-chloroisopropyl) phosphate (TCPP), widely used in polyurethane foams. Its role in the Vilsmeier-Haack reaction—a method to form aldehydes from electron-rich aromatics—further underscores its synthetic utility.
Safety and Storage
Due to its corrosive and toxic nature, POCl3 requires stringent safety protocols. Inhalation or skin contact can cause severe respiratory distress and chemical burns. Work areas must be equipped with fume hoods, and personnel should wear acid-resistant gloves, goggles, and respirators. Storage demands airtight containers made of glass or corrosion-resistant metals, kept in cool, dry environments away from water sources. Spills should be neutralized with alkaline solutions (e.g., sodium bicarbonate) and reported immediately. Regulatory guidelines, such as OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard, mandate clear labeling and SDS documentation for transport and workplace use.
B2B Procurement Guide
When sourcing POCl3, prioritize suppliers with proven track records in handling hazardous chemicals. Certifications like ISO 9001 and REACH compliance are indicators of reliability. Specify purity requirements (e.g., ≥99% for synthetic applications) and request batch analysis reports. Bulk procurement often involves specialized logistics, including DOT-approved containers and hazardous material transport permits. Consider regional regulations; for example, the U.S. EPA’s Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) may impose reporting requirements. Negotiate pricing based on volume, but factor in costs for safe disposal of empty containers, which may retain residual toxicity.
Related Manufacturers
- 主营：浮选油、渗透剂、抗氧剂、氧化铜活化剂、呋喃树脂、抗静电剂、氨基硅油、糠酮树脂、橡胶防老剂、选矿药剂、聚硫橡胶、阻燃剂、乳化剂、表面活性剂
- 主营：缓蚀剂、十氢萘、脱硝剂、正磷酸、中间体、日用香精、有机化合物、亚硝酸钠、二硫化碳、氨基磺酸、硫化钠、选矿药剂、浮选剂
- 主营：苯基硫脲、靛红酸酐、手性肌醇、氧化铜、3-丁二醇、棕榈酸甲酯、间苯二甲腈、氮丙啶交联剂、优级品聚苯胺、n-甲基吡咯烷酮
- 主营：乳化剂、催化剂、烯丙基缩水甘油醚、溴氧化磷、间苯二甲胺、航空煤油、六甲基二硅氮烷、硅酸乙酯、月桂酰肌氨酸钠、安息香乙醚、光引发剂BP、二苯甲酮、硫氰酸亚铜、四甲氧基硅烷、异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯
- 主营：二聚体、单体树脂、增粘树脂、三氧化二锑、防湿滑树脂、分子量调节剂、功能性添加剂、偶联剂、抗静电剂、接枝SEBS、脱模剂、α甲基苯乙烯改性系列、协效阻燃剂、光亮剂、增韧剂相容剂、橡塑改性剂
- 主营：三溴氧磷、β-溴苯乙烷、甲苯硫酸盐
- 主营：奇疏110、液态聚硫橡胶、脱普32清洗剂、三溴氧磷、辛基羟肟酸、拜耳3900固化剂、ipda、间苯二甲铵、ipdi、异山梨醇二甲醚、安息香乙醚、六甲基二硅氮烷