Overview
Phosphatidylinositol (PI) is a glycerophospholipid fundamental to eukaryotic cell membranes. It consists of a glycerol backbone, two fatty acid chains, a phosphate group, and an inositol headgroup. Unlike structural phospholipids, PI plays dynamic roles in cellular signaling, particularly through phosphorylated derivatives like PIP2 and PIP3. As a minor membrane component (1-10% of phospholipids), PI is enriched in intracellular membranes and serves as a precursor for secondary messengers. Its synthesis occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum, with subsequent distribution via vesicular transport.
Physical and Chemical Properties
PI exhibits typical phospholipid amphiphilicity, forming bilayers in aqueous environments. The fatty acid composition varies by source (commonly stearic/arachidonic acids in mammalian PI), affecting phase transition temperatures. Commercial PI often appears as a hygroscopic powder or solution in organic solvents. Key chemical properties include susceptibility to phospholipase cleavage and phosphorylation at inositol hydroxyl positions. The phosphate group has a pKa ~1-2, making PI negatively charged at physiological pH. Analytical characterization typically involves HPLC-ELSD or mass spectrometry.
Main Applications
In research, PI is essential for studying phosphoinositide signaling pathways implicated in cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases. Radiolabeled PI (³H or ³²P) tracks metabolic flux in pulse-chase experiments. Pharmaceutical applications include liposomal drug delivery systems where PI enhances membrane fusion. Industrial uses include cell culture media supplements and diagnostic reagent formulations. Emerging applications explore PI’s role in autophagy modulation and as biomarkers for disease states. High-purity PI (>99%) is critical for structural biology studies like crystallography.
Safety and Storage
PI requires careful handling due to flammability (in solvent form) and potential irritant effects. Use fume hoods when handling powders, and avoid static discharge. Decomposition may occur above 200°C, releasing phosphorous oxides. Long-term storage demands oxygen-free environments at -20°C or below to prevent oxidation. Argon-purged vials with molecular sieves are recommended. For solutions, adding antioxidants like BHT (0.01%) extends shelf life. Discard discolored samples indicating degradation.
B2B Procurement Guide
Bulk buyers should prioritize suppliers with ISO 9001 certification and batch-specific COAs detailing fatty acid profiles. For drug development, select GMP-grade PI meeting ICH Q3D elemental impurity guidelines. Key specifications include: peroxide value (<5 mEq/kg), water content (<1%), and microbial limits. Consider supply chain stability—animal-derived PI (bovine/porcine) may carry prion risk, while plant-sourced (soybean) PI suits vegan requirements. Contract manufacturing options exist for custom acyl chain compositions. MOQs typically start at 100g for research-grade, with lead times of 2-4 weeks.
Related Manufacturers
- 主营：ELISA试剂盒、PCR试剂盒、科研试剂
- 主营：ELISA试剂盒、PCR试剂盒、生化试剂盒、蛋白、抗体、细胞、检测试剂盒
- 主营：igg抗体、糖蛋白、试剂盒、磷酸酶、含水量、脂蛋白、人瘦素、粗纤维、猪睾酮、烯二酮、nad激酶、测试盒、牛瘦素、牛胆酸、原果胶、犬肾素、人蛋白、甜菜碱、igm抗体、dna抗体、磷脂酶、大鼠超、犬叶酸、人胆酸、样受体
- 主营：ELISA试剂盒、PCR试剂盒、生化试剂盒、脂蛋白、关基因、亲环素、钾通道、列抗体、ntp溶液、蛋白酶、脑蛋白、病毒抗、蛋白质、239抗体、dtt溶液、科研试剂
- 主营：ELISA试剂盒、PCR试剂盒、生化试剂盒、科研试剂
- 主营：试剂盒、ELISA试剂盒、PCR试剂盒、科研细胞系
- 主营：四氢噻吩、乙硫醇、单氰胺、二甲基二硫醚、3-甲硫基丙醛、四氢吡咯、邻氯苯腈、噻吩、盐酸羟胺、硬脂酸锌、异丙胺、氯乙酸、氟硼酸
- 主营：异辛醇、乳化剂、乙烯醚、肌醇六磷酸、醚羧酸、脂肪醇、分散剂、染色助剂、聚乙二醇、异构醇醚、泊洛沙姆、椰油酰胺、基羟乙基、烷基糖苷、特辛基酚、聚氧乙烯、嵌段聚醚、单油酸酯、异构十三醇、丙烯磺酸钠、氢化蓖麻油、丙烯酰胺基、醇醚葡糖苷、低泡渗透剂、甲酯乙氧基、癸基葡糖苷
- 主营：抗氧剂、乳化剂、苯扎氯铵、肌醇六磷酸、烷基二甲基、氢化蓖麻油、表面活性剂、双链季胺盐、聚氧乙烯醚、二丁基羟基甲苯、甘油聚氧丙烯醚、十二烷基硫酸钠、树脂、助剂
- 主营：甜菊糖、氯乙酰、二乙苯、磷酸氢、酞菁绿、阻燃剂、4316-73-8、二戊烯、单甲醚、硫酸锂、4861-19-2、大理石、1192-62-7、羊脂酸、7783-40-6、8002-74-2、7782-61-8、龙脑油、2842-44-6、聚甘油、二聚酸、戊二醇、聚醚f68、磺化油、1310-58-3
- 主营：试剂盒、elisa试剂盒、细胞、pcr试剂盒
- 主营：异丙醇、苯甲醇、二丁酯、磷酸、酸酯dbe、二甲苯、醋酸乙酯、醋酸丁酯、二辛酯、醋酸甲酯、醋酸正丙酯、醋酸仲丁酯、纯苯、三甲苯、四甲苯、溶剂油、正丁醇、甲醇、乙醇、乙二醇、碳酸二甲酯、三乙醇胺、三氯乙烯
- 主营：异丙醇、冰醋酸、化工原料、肌醇六磷酸、正庚烷、甲基环己烷、乙二醇、苯酚、江苏异丙醇、江苏化工原料、工业吡啶、工业苯酚、正丁醇、MIBK、无水乙醇、正己烷
- 主营：阻燃剂、催化剂、水杨酸、正磷酸、亚磷酸、二苯基、酰亚胺、烟酰胺、曲酸粉、氯化锌、异丙醇、化妆品、初油酸、脂肪醇、生石灰、甲基异、碳酸锌、碳酸锂、活性炭、乙二胺、三氮唑、着色剂、环己酮、防冻液、抗氧剂
- 主营：肌醇六磷酸、高铁酸钾
- 主营：维生素、营养强化剂、增稠剂、甜味剂
- 主营：二氧化硒、对甲苯磺酸、黄血盐钠、磷酸三丁酯、黄血盐钾、苯甲酸、环烷酸、戊二醛、磺化钛氰钴、盐酸羟胺、过氧化苯甲酰、衣康酸、聚丙烯酸酯乳液、癸甲溴铵、癸甲氯铵、4丁炔二醇、马日夫盐、氟硅酸镁、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮k30、聚六亚甲基双胍、黄丹粉、红丹粉、牛肉浸膏、HEDP
- 主营：L-半胱氨酸、L-苯丙氨酸、L-谷氨酸、L-蛋氨酸、维生素A、维生素B1、维生素B12、维生素B2、维生素B5、维生素B6、维生素C、维生素D3、维生素E、D-生物素、阿拉伯胶、刺槐豆胶、瓜尔豆胶、果胶 高酯果胶 低酯、海藻酸钠、黄原胶、结冷胶 低酰基结冷胶、聚丙烯酸钠、卡波姆