Overview
Pamoic acid, also known as embonic acid, is a dicarboxylic acid derived from naphthalene. It is widely recognized for its role in pharmaceutical chemistry as a counterion to form stable salts with basic drugs. This property enhances the solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs, making it a valuable component in drug formulation. Discovered in the early 20th century, pamoic acid has since become a staple in the pharmaceutical industry. Its ability to form crystalline salts with amines and other basic compounds has led to its use in extended-release formulations and other drug delivery systems.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Pamoic acid appears as a yellow to brown crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 388.37 g/mol. It has a melting point of approximately 280-285°C, where it begins to decompose. The compound is slightly soluble in water but dissolves more readily in alkaline solutions and organic solvents such as ethanol and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). One of the key chemical properties of pamoic acid is its ability to form stable salts with basic drugs. This is due to the presence of two carboxylic acid groups, which can interact with basic nitrogen atoms in drug molecules. The resulting salts often exhibit improved solubility and stability compared to the free base forms of the drugs.
Main Applications
The primary application of pamoic acid is in the pharmaceutical industry, where it is used to formulate salts of basic drugs. These salts are often more stable and easier to handle than the free base forms, making them suitable for oral and injectable formulations. For example, pamoate salts are commonly used in antipsychotic and antiparasitic medications. Beyond pharmaceuticals, pamoic acid has limited applications in other industries. Its ability to form complexes with metal ions has been explored in analytical chemistry, but this remains a niche use. The compound's primary value lies in its role as a pharmaceutical excipient.
Safety and Storage
Pamoic acid is generally considered safe when handled properly, but it can cause irritation upon contact with skin, eyes, or mucous membranes. Appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and safety goggles, should be worn when handling the compound. In case of exposure, affected areas should be rinsed thoroughly with water. Storage conditions are critical to maintaining the stability of pamoic acid. The compound should be kept in a cool, dry place, away from light and moisture. Containers should be tightly sealed to prevent contamination and degradation. Proper storage ensures the compound remains effective for its intended pharmaceutical applications.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring pamoic acid for industrial or pharmaceutical use, it is essential to verify the purity and quality of the product. Reputable suppliers should provide a Certificate of Analysis (CoA) that includes details such as assay purity, residual solvent content, and heavy metal limits. These specifications ensure the compound meets regulatory standards for pharmaceutical use. The reference price range for pamoic acid is approximately $50-$150 per kilogram, depending on purity and supplier. Bulk purchases may qualify for discounts, but buyers should prioritize quality over cost, especially for pharmaceutical applications. It is also advisable to establish long-term relationships with reliable suppliers to ensure consistent quality and supply.
Related Manufacturers
- 主营：氟苯基、n-氯乙酰、二氧杂葵、帕莫酸130、氟喹唑啉、氮杂吲哚、正亮氨酸、乙氧基杯、邻苯二甲、氟苯氧基、羟基吡啶、丁基二氟、乙酰基对、溴异喹啉、噻唑羧酸、氟苯甲酸、氟甲基吡嗪、异丙氧羰基、异硫氰酸酯、酯苯磺酸盐、甲氧基溴苄、苄氧基羰基、丝氨酸苄酯、硫氰酸苯酯、氧胆酸中间体、高丝氨酸内酯
- 主营：帕莫酸二钠盐一水合物、生物化工试剂、中间体、帕罗韦德中间体
- 主营：苯甲醛、酰亚胺、苯磺酸、帕莫酸、异丙基、cas-50-63-5、氨基丙基、试剂医药、化学醋酸、化学试剂、甲基硅基、盐酸羟胺、苯并三唑、苄基丙酮、试剂化工、丙烯酰氯、甲基乙炔、氮杂苯并、二叔丁酯、磷酸二苯酯、化学碳酸钾、二酸二乙酯、酸二异丙酯、二咪唑羰基、中间体化工、医药中间体
- 主营：1-苯丙醇、1-萘甲醚、科隆试剂、帕莫酸价格、罗恩试剂、金刚烷醇、1-溴十八烷、2-恶唑烷酮、1-甲酰哌啶、2-氟苯甲醛、2-甲基吡嗪、2-氮己环酮、1-溴金刚烷、阿拉丁试剂、麦克林试剂、科密欧试剂、大小化工试剂
- 主营：1-氨基哌啶、对甲基苯丙酮、金属钙、帕莫酸试剂、氢化钙、间苯三酚、氢化锂、五氧化二钒、偏钒酸铵、己二酸二钠、氢化锂铝、丁二酮肟、硫氰酸铅、乙醇钠、1-萘甲酸
- 主营：有机合成中间体、化学助剂、水溶性酚醛树脂、4'-二苯醚二甲、3-二羟基萘、环己烷-1、4-二异、N-羟乙基-N-甲基、5-降冰片二烯
- 主营：甘氨酸、水苏糖、阻燃剂、帕莫酸、硫酸锌、硫酸锆、硫酸锂、硫酸锶、硫酸锰、铝酸锌、1680-21-3、牛磺酸、褪黑素、磷酸铁、丙酸铵、苏云金、碳酸镁、麝香酮、肉桂醛、磷酸铝、王浆酸、椰油胺、赖氨酸、增塑剂、浸膏粉、乙氧基
- 主营：橡胶油、白芷油、7782-92-5、帕莫酸、pbtcaona4、艾叶油、二甲基、桉树醇、2905-60-4、5989-81-1、重质苯、活性炭、1305-62-0、1192-62-7、安息油、9005-32-7、正辛烷、7775-27-1、8050-09-7、1739-84-0、7786-30-3、黄糊精、6920-22-5、三辛胺、1897-52-5、7727-21-1
- 主营：帕莫酸、香精香料、有机中间体、化工助剂
- 主营：全氟三丁胺、全氟三乙胺、全氟三丙胺、全氟聚醚、全氟萘烷、全氟己酮、羟基磷灰石、生物活性玻璃、布洛芬、溴壬烷、磷酸铵、甲乙基、褪黑素、嘧啶钠、莪术油、显色剂、叔丁醇、茜素红、乙氧基、异戊醇、脯氨酸、茚三酮、氯唑沙
- 主营：硫酸汞、硝酸汞、雷尼镍、帕莫酸生产厂家、二十烷、丁二酸、硫化银、正己醇、硫酸镉、铋酸钠、苯甲醇、硅酸钠、正辛酸、硫酸镁、磷钨酸、滑石粉、草酸锡、蓖麻油、椰子油、钒试剂、异辛醇
- 主营：氯菊酯、转移剂、聚酯树脂、帕莫酸、二甲氧基、驱蚊原液、食品香料、缩水甘油酯、蚊香增效剂、丙烯酸缩水、环氧稀释剂、硅烷偶联剂、超疏水材料、对甲氧基苯酚、对羟基苯甲醚、乙烯基双封头、苯基缩水甘油醚
- 主营：帕莫酸、分析纯试剂
- 主营：对照品、标准品、当归酸酐、佛手柑内酯、新当归内酯、补骨脂甲素、补骨脂乙素、羟基芍药苷、阿魏酸松柏酯、水合氧化前胡素、豆甾醇葡萄糖苷
- 主营：化学试剂、分析试剂、标准试剂、实验试剂