Overview
Soda-lime glass is the most prevalent type of glass, accounting for about 90% of all manufactured glass. It is composed primarily of silica (SiO₂), soda (sodium carbonate, Na₂CO₃), and lime (calcium oxide, CaO), with minor additives like alumina and magnesia. The name 'soda-lime' reflects its two key fluxing agents that lower silica's melting point, making production more energy-efficient. This glass type has been used since ancient times, with modern manufacturing techniques allowing for highly uniform and cost-effective production.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Soda-lime glass exhibits excellent optical clarity, transmitting about 90% of visible light when polished. Its thermal expansion coefficient is relatively high (≈9×10⁻⁶/K) compared to borosilicate glass, making it less resistant to thermal shock. Chemically, it shows good resistance to water and acids but is slowly attacked by alkaline solutions. The material's hardness measures about 6 on the Mohs scale, and its density typically ranges between 2.4-2.8 g/cm³ depending on composition variations.
Main Applications
The construction industry consumes about 60% of soda-lime glass production for windows, doors, and architectural glazing. Container glass for beverages, food, and cosmetics accounts for another major application segment. In consumer goods, it's widely used for tableware, decorative items, and lighting products. The automotive industry utilizes tempered versions for windshields and windows, while the electronics sector employs it in display panels and touchscreens.
Safety and Storage
While chemically inert, broken soda-lime glass poses physical hazards due to sharp edges. Proper handling with cut-resistant gloves is recommended during installation or processing. For storage, glass sheets should be kept upright in dry conditions with edge protection. Stacked glass requires separators to prevent surface damage. Temperature fluctuations should be minimized to avoid thermal stress buildup.
B2B Procurement Guide
Industrial buyers should specify glass type (float, rolled, or patterned), thickness tolerance (±0.2mm is standard), and dimensional accuracy requirements. Surface quality classifications range from mirror-grade to industrial-grade with permissible defects. Minimum order quantities typically start at one pallet (≈1-2 tons). Lead times vary from 2 weeks for standard stock to 8 weeks for custom sizes. Many manufacturers offer value-added services like cutting, edging, and tempering.
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