Overview
Nonoxynol-9 (N-9) is a nonionic surfactant widely recognized for its spermicidal properties. It belongs to the family of alkylphenol ethoxylates and is commonly used in contraceptive products such as gels, creams, and condoms. The compound works by disrupting the cell membranes of sperm, rendering them inactive. Originally developed as a detergent, Nonoxynol-9's spermicidal effects were discovered later. Despite its primary use in personal care products, it also finds applications in industrial settings as an emulsifier and wetting agent. Its versatility and effectiveness make it a valuable chemical in both pharmaceutical and manufacturing industries.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Nonoxynol-9 is a pale yellow viscous liquid with a mild odor. It is soluble in water and most organic solvents, making it easy to formulate into various products. The compound has a molecular weight of approximately 616.82 g/mol and a density of around 1.06 g/cm³. Its surfactant properties stem from its molecular structure, which includes a hydrophilic polyethylene oxide chain and a hydrophobic alkylphenol group. This structure allows it to reduce surface tension, making it effective as an emulsifier and detergent. However, its stability can be affected by extreme pH levels and high temperatures.
Main Applications
Nonoxynol-9 is predominantly used in contraceptive products due to its spermicidal activity. It is a key ingredient in vaginal gels, creams, foams, and lubricated condoms. Its ability to immobilize sperm makes it a popular choice for over-the-counter contraceptive methods. Beyond personal care, Nonoxynol-9 is utilized in industrial applications such as detergents, emulsifiers, and wetting agents. Its surfactant properties are beneficial in cleaning products, textile processing, and agricultural formulations. However, its use in personal care products has declined slightly due to concerns about irritation and potential health risks with frequent use.
Safety and Storage
Nonoxynol-9 should be handled with care to avoid skin and eye irritation. Protective gloves and goggles are recommended when working with the compound in concentrated forms. In case of contact, rinse thoroughly with water and seek medical advice if irritation persists. Storage conditions are critical to maintaining the compound's stability. It should be kept in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures. Containers must be tightly sealed to prevent contamination and moisture absorption. Proper labeling and adherence to safety protocols are essential for safe handling and storage.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring Nonoxynol-9, buyers should verify the CAS number (26027-38-3) to ensure they are purchasing the correct compound. Purity levels and formulation requirements should align with the intended application, whether for pharmaceutical or industrial use. Suppliers should provide detailed product specifications, including solubility, density, and safety data sheets. Pricing varies based on quantity and purity, so obtaining samples and comparing quotes from multiple vendors is advisable. Buyers should also consider logistics, such as shipping conditions and lead times, to ensure a smooth procurement process.
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