Overview
4-Nitroaniline, also known as p-nitroaniline, is an organic compound derived from aniline. It is a yellow crystalline powder with significant applications in the chemical industry. The compound is primarily used as an intermediate in the synthesis of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and other chemicals. Its production involves nitration of aniline under controlled conditions. Due to its toxic nature, handling requires strict safety measures. The compound is commercially available in various purity grades, tailored to industrial needs.
Physical and Chemical Properties
4-Nitroaniline has a molecular weight of 138.12 g/mol and appears as yellow crystals. It has a melting point of 146-149 °C and decomposes at 332 °C. The density is 1.424 g/cm³, and it is slightly soluble in water but more soluble in organic solvents like ethanol and ether. The compound is stable under normal conditions but can decompose upon exposure to high temperatures, releasing toxic fumes. It is classified as flammable and should be stored away from ignition sources. Its chemical reactivity includes participation in azo coupling reactions, making it valuable in dye manufacturing.
Main Applications
4-Nitroaniline is widely used as an intermediate in the production of azo dyes, which are essential for textiles, inks, and pigments. It also serves as a precursor in pharmaceutical synthesis, particularly for drugs like paracetamol and other analgesics. In addition, the compound is utilized in chemical research for developing new organic compounds. Its role in the synthesis of corrosion inhibitors and photographic chemicals further underscores its industrial importance. The demand for high-purity 4-nitroaniline is driven by these diverse applications.
Safety and Storage
Due to its toxicity, 4-nitroaniline requires careful handling. Exposure can cause skin irritation, respiratory issues, and systemic toxicity. Personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, goggles, and respirators should be used when working with this chemical. Storage should be in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area, away from heat and open flames. Containers must be tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Spills should be cleaned up immediately using appropriate absorbents, and contaminated materials should be disposed of according to local regulations.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring 4-nitroaniline, buyers should verify the supplier's credentials and request a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). Key specifications to check include purity (typically 98-99%), moisture content, and the presence of impurities. Bulk purchases may offer cost advantages, but storage capacity and shelf life should be considered. Packaging options range from 25 kg bags to drums, depending on quantity. Reliable suppliers often provide technical support and logistics solutions, ensuring safe and timely delivery.
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