Overview
Near-Infrared Fluorescent PEG is a polyethylene glycol (PEG) derivative chemically conjugated with NIR-emitting fluorophores, such as Cy7 or IRDye. This modification retains PEG's biocompatibility while adding optical properties for tracking and imaging. The NIR range (700–900 nm) is ideal for biomedical applications due to minimal tissue autofluorescence and deeper penetration compared to visible light. Developed for advanced research and clinical applications, NIR-PEG is pivotal in studying biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, and targeted drug delivery. Its modular design allows customization of molecular weight and functional groups (e.g., -COOH, -NH2) for specific conjugation needs.
Physical and Chemical Properties
NIR-PEG exhibits the solubility and stability of traditional PEG, with added fluorescence in the NIR spectrum. The conjugated dye determines emission wavelength (e.g., Cy7 at ~770 nm), while PEG's molecular weight (1kDa–40kDa) influences hydrodynamic size and clearance rates. Thermal stability is comparable to unmodified PEG, though excessive heat may degrade the fluorophore. The compound is hygroscopic and requires desiccation during storage. Spectroscopic methods (UV-Vis, fluorescence spectroscopy) confirm dye loading and purity.
Main Applications
In drug delivery, NIR-PEG labels nanoparticles or therapeutics to monitor real-time distribution in vivo. It is also used in bio-conjugation to create fluorescent antibodies or peptides for diagnostic assays. Preclinical imaging leverages NIR-PEG's deep-tissue visibility, often in cancer research or inflammation studies. Its low immunogenicity makes it suitable for repeated administration in animal models. Additionally, it serves as a reference standard in fluorescence-based quantification techniques.
Safety and Storage
NIR-PEG is generally non-toxic but should be handled with standard lab precautions (gloves, goggles). Powder forms may cause respiratory irritation if aerosolized. Storage at 2–8°C in amber vials prevents photodegradation of the fluorophore. For long-term stability, aliquot the product to avoid freeze-thaw cycles. Solubilized formulations may require sterile filtration for in vivo use. Dispose of waste following institutional guidelines for organic dyes.
B2B Procurement Guide
When sourcing NIR-PEG, specify: (1) Molecular weight (affects clearance and conjugation efficiency), (2) Dye type (e.g., Cy7 for cost-effectiveness, IRDye800 for high sensitivity), and (3) Functional groups (e.g., maleimide for thiol coupling). Bulk orders (≥10g) often reduce unit costs. Verify certificates of analysis for dye-to-PEG ratio and endotoxin levels if intended for injectable use. Reputable suppliers provide custom synthesis services for specialized derivatives.
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