Overview
N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)morpholine (HEM) is an organic compound with a morpholine ring and a hydroxyethyl group. It is widely used in industrial and pharmaceutical applications due to its dual functionality. The compound is synthesized through the reaction of morpholine with ethylene oxide, resulting in a versatile intermediate. HEM is favored for its solubility in water and organic solvents, making it a valuable component in formulations requiring both hydrophilic and lipophilic properties. Its mild alkalinity and reactivity further enhance its utility in chemical synthesis.
Physical and Chemical Properties
HEM is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a density of 1.07 g/cm³ and a boiling point of 225-230°C. It is hygroscopic, meaning it readily absorbs moisture from the air, and exhibits mild alkalinity. The compound is soluble in water, alcohols, and other polar solvents, which broadens its application scope. Key chemical properties include its ability to act as a nucleophile in reactions, making it useful in the synthesis of more complex molecules. Its stability under normal conditions ensures ease of handling, though precautions are necessary due to its irritant nature.
Main Applications
HEM serves as a critical intermediate in the pharmaceutical industry, where it is used to produce active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and other drug components. In agrochemicals, it functions as a building block for herbicides and fungicides, leveraging its reactivity to enhance product efficacy. Industrial applications include its use as a corrosion inhibitor in metalworking fluids and as a surfactant in cleaning formulations. Its versatility and relatively low cost make it a preferred choice for manufacturers across multiple sectors.
Safety and Storage
HEM is classified as an irritant, posing risks to skin and eyes upon contact. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves and goggles, is essential when handling this chemical. Adequate ventilation is also necessary to prevent inhalation exposure. Storage should be in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Containers must be tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Spills should be contained and cleaned promptly using appropriate absorbents.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring HEM, buyers should prioritize suppliers with verified certifications (e.g., ISO, GMP) to ensure product quality and consistency. Requesting a Certificate of Analysis (COA) is crucial to confirm purity and compliance with specifications. Packaging options typically include drums or intermediate bulk containers (IBCs), with considerations for transportation safety. Bulk purchases may offer cost advantages, but storage capacity and shelf-life should be evaluated. Lead times and supplier reliability are additional factors to consider.
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