Overview
Mouse Lymphotoxin (LT), also known as TNF-β, is a cytokine critical for immune system regulation. It is primarily secreted by activated lymphocytes and functions by binding to TNF receptors, influencing inflammatory responses and lymphoid tissue development. LT exists in soluble and membrane-bound forms, with the latter playing a key role in cell-to-cell signaling. Its study is essential for understanding immune disorders and developing targeted therapies. Research on Mouse Lymphotoxin has expanded due to its involvement in autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis. It also shows promise in cancer immunotherapy, where modulating LT pathways can enhance anti-tumor immunity. The protein is typically produced via recombinant DNA technology in mammalian or bacterial expression systems, ensuring high purity and activity for experimental use.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Mouse Lymphotoxin is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of approximately 25-30 kDa, depending on post-translational modifications. It is stable in neutral pH buffers but may degrade under extreme pH or high temperatures. The protein's solubility in aqueous solutions like PBS makes it suitable for in vitro and in vivo studies. Lyophilized formulations are preferred for long-term storage to maintain stability. Key structural features include homotrimeric assembly, which is essential for receptor binding and signaling. Analytical techniques such as SDS-PAGE and ELISA are commonly used to assess purity and concentration. Functional assays, including cytotoxicity tests on sensitive cell lines, confirm biological activity. Suppliers often provide certificates of analysis detailing these parameters.
Main Applications
Mouse Lymphotoxin is widely used in immunology research to study lymph node development, inflammatory responses, and immune cell interactions. It serves as a tool to investigate the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases, where dysregulated LT signaling contributes to tissue damage. Researchers also explore its role in cancer immunotherapy, as LT can enhance T-cell responses and tumor microenvironment modulation. In drug development, LT is a target for monoclonal antibodies and small-molecule inhibitors aimed at treating conditions like Crohn’s disease or psoriasis. Additionally, recombinant LT is employed in vaccine adjuvants to boost immune responses. Its versatility makes it a valuable reagent for both academic and industrial labs.
Safety and Storage
Mouse Lymphotoxin requires careful handling due to its biological activity. Use personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and lab coats to avoid exposure. Storage at -20°C or -80°C in aliquots prevents degradation; avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. Lyophilized powder should be reconstituted in sterile, endotoxin-free buffers under aseptic conditions. Dispose of waste according to institutional biosafety protocols. In case of accidental exposure, rinse affected areas with water and seek medical advice if necessary. Suppliers provide material safety data sheets (MSDS) with detailed hazard information. Always work in a controlled environment, especially when handling large quantities.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring Mouse Lymphotoxin, prioritize suppliers with ISO certification or GMP compliance to ensure quality. Key specifications include purity (>95%), endotoxin levels (<1 EU/µg), and functional activity verified by bioassays. Request batch-specific data and consider scalability for large-scale projects. Pricing varies based on quantity, purity, and supplier reputation. Bulk purchases may offer discounts, but confirm stability guarantees. Reliable vendors often provide technical support and custom formulations (e.g., carrier proteins for enhanced stability). For international shipments, ensure compliance with cold-chain logistics to maintain product integrity.
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