mg641744-5

Updated: 2026-08-04

Overview

Magnesium is the eighth most abundant element in the Earth's crust and the fourth most common element in the Earth as a whole. It is a lightweight, silvery-white metal that is relatively soft and highly reactive. Magnesium is essential for all living cells, playing a critical role in biological functions such as muscle contraction and nerve function. Discovered in 1755 by Joseph Black and isolated by Sir Humphry Davy in 1808, magnesium is now produced primarily through the electrolysis of magnesium chloride or the thermal reduction of magnesium oxide. Its unique properties make it invaluable in various industrial and medical applications.

Physical and Chemical Properties

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Magnesium is a shiny gray solid with a density of 1.738 g/cm³, making it one of the lightest structural metals. It has a melting point of 650°C and a boiling point of 1090°C. Magnesium is highly reactive, especially when powdered or in thin strips, and it reacts with water to produce hydrogen gas and magnesium hydroxide. The metal is a good conductor of electricity and heat, and it forms a protective oxide layer when exposed to air, which prevents further corrosion. Magnesium's reactivity makes it useful as a reducing agent in the production of other metals, such as titanium and uranium.

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宜春线束电子

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Main Applications

Magnesium is widely used in the production of lightweight alloys, particularly with aluminum, to improve strength and reduce weight in automotive and aerospace components. Its high strength-to-weight ratio makes it ideal for applications where weight reduction is critical, such as in aircraft and missile construction. In pyrotechnics, magnesium is used to produce bright white light in flares and fireworks. It is also employed in the pharmaceutical industry as a dietary supplement and in antacids. Additionally, magnesium serves as a reducing agent in the production of other metals and in the synthesis of organic compounds.

Safety and Storage

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Magnesium is highly flammable, especially in powder or ribbon form, and can ignite spontaneously in air. It reacts violently with water and acids, producing hydrogen gas, which is also highly flammable. Proper storage is essential to prevent accidents; magnesium should be kept in a cool, dry place, away from moisture and oxidizing agents. When handling magnesium, appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves and goggles should be worn. In case of fire, Class D fire extinguishers or dry sand should be used, as water or standard extinguishers can exacerbate the flames.

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B2B Procurement Guide

When procuring magnesium for industrial use, it is crucial to verify the supplier's credentials and ensure they provide material safety data sheets (MSDS) and certificates of analysis. The purity and form of magnesium (e.g., ingots, powder, or ribbons) should be specified based on the intended application. Prices for magnesium can vary depending on market conditions and purity levels, with a reference range of approximately $2,500-$3,500 per metric ton. Buyers should also consider logistics and storage requirements, as magnesium's reactivity necessitates careful handling and transportation.

Overview

Physical and Chemical Properties

Main Applications

Safety and Storage

B2B Procurement Guide

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