Methyl cyanoacetate

Updated: 2026-09-15

Overview

Methyl cyanoacetate is an organic compound with the formula C4H5NO2. It is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a mild odor. The compound is widely used as a building block in organic synthesis, particularly in the production of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and specialty chemicals. Its reactive ester and cyano functional groups make it a versatile intermediate for various chemical reactions, including condensation and nucleophilic substitution. Methyl cyanoacetate is commercially available and typically supplied in bulk quantities for industrial applications.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Methyl cyanoacetate has a molecular weight of 99.09 g/mol and a density of 1.075 g/cm³ at 20°C. It is a low-melting-point liquid with a boiling point of 203°C. The compound is soluble in water, ethanol, and ether, making it adaptable to various reaction conditions. Its cyano group and ester functionality contribute to its reactivity, enabling it to participate in Knoevenagel condensations and other key organic transformations. The compound is stable under normal storage conditions but should be protected from moisture and strong oxidizing agents.

Main Applications

Methyl cyanoacetate is primarily used as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, including vitamin B1 and certain antimalarial drugs. It also serves as a precursor for agrochemicals such as herbicides and insecticides. In the specialty chemicals sector, it is employed in the production of dyes, pigments, and UV absorbers. Additionally, its reactivity makes it valuable in polymer chemistry and the synthesis of fine chemicals for research and industrial applications.

Safety and Storage

Methyl cyanoacetate is classified as harmful if swallowed or inhaled and can cause skin and eye irritation. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves and goggles, should be used when handling the compound. Storage should be in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from heat sources and open flames. Containers must be tightly sealed to prevent moisture absorption and contamination. Spills should be contained and cleaned up promptly using appropriate absorbent materials.

B2B Procurement Guide

When procuring methyl cyanoacetate, verify the CAS number (105-34-0) and purity specifications to ensure product suitability for intended applications. Request a safety data sheet (SDS) from the supplier to assess handling and storage requirements. Bulk purchases typically offer cost advantages, but ensure proper storage facilities are available. Reputable chemical suppliers should provide certificates of analysis (CoA) and comply with international safety and quality standards such as REACH and GMP where applicable.