Overview
Metanephrine is a biologically significant metabolite of epinephrine, formed through the action of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). It is primarily used in clinical settings as a diagnostic marker for pheochromocytoma, a rare tumor of the adrenal glands. Metanephrine is often measured in urine or plasma to assess catecholamine secretion, which is elevated in patients with these tumors. The compound is also of interest in biochemical research due to its role in adrenergic signaling pathways. Its stability and specificity make it a reliable marker for clinical diagnostics, particularly in differentiating between various endocrine disorders.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Metanephrine is a white to off-white crystalline powder with a molecular weight of 197.23 g/mol. It is soluble in water and ethanol, which facilitates its use in aqueous solutions for diagnostic assays. The compound has a melting point of approximately 250-252°C, indicating its stability under normal laboratory conditions. Metanephrine is sensitive to oxidation, so it must be stored in airtight containers under controlled conditions. Its molecular structure includes a catechol moiety, which is essential for its biological activity and interaction with adrenergic receptors. These properties are critical for its application in clinical diagnostics and research.
Main Applications
The primary application of metanephrine is in the diagnosis of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma, tumors that secrete excessive catecholamines. Measurement of metanephrine levels in urine or plasma is a standard diagnostic procedure for these conditions. Elevated levels of metanephrine and normetanephrine are indicative of such tumors, aiding in early detection and treatment. In addition to diagnostics, metanephrine is used in biochemical research to study adrenergic pathways and catecholamine metabolism. Its role as a metabolite of epinephrine makes it valuable for understanding stress responses, cardiovascular regulation, and other physiological processes.
Safety and Storage
Metanephrine should be handled with care to avoid inhalation, skin contact, or eye exposure. Proper personal protective equipment (PPE), such as gloves and lab coats, should be worn when handling the compound. It is stable under recommended storage conditions but should be protected from light and moisture to prevent degradation. Storage at 2-8°C in a tightly sealed container is advised to maintain its stability. Disposal should comply with local regulations for chemical waste. Suppliers typically provide material safety data sheets (MSDS) with detailed safety information, which should be reviewed before use.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring metanephrine for clinical or research purposes, buyers should prioritize suppliers that adhere to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) and provide certificates of analysis (COA). These documents ensure the product's purity, potency, and suitability for diagnostic use. Prices for metanephrine vary depending on purity and supplier, with reference ranges commonly between $50 and $200 per gram. Bulk purchases may qualify for discounts, but buyers should verify the supplier's reliability and product consistency. It is also advisable to check for compliance with regulatory standards such as ISO or USP, depending on the intended application.
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