Overview
Mesitylene (1,3,5-trimethylbenzene) is a derivative of benzene with three methyl groups symmetrically arranged on the aromatic ring. It is a colorless, flammable liquid with a distinctive aromatic odor. Industrially, it is produced as a byproduct of petroleum refining or via alkylation of toluene. As a versatile hydrocarbon, mesitylene serves as a precursor in organic synthesis and a high-boiling-point solvent. Its symmetrical structure and thermal stability make it valuable in specialty chemical manufacturing, including dyes, pharmaceuticals, and polymers.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Mesitylene exhibits typical aromatic hydrocarbon properties, including low water solubility (0.02 g/L at 25°C) and high solubility in organic solvents like ethanol or ether. Its density (0.86 g/cm³) is lower than water, and it volatilizes slowly at room temperature. The compound is chemically stable under standard conditions but reacts with strong oxidizers, halogens, and nitric acid. Its flash point is 44°C, classifying it as a flammable liquid. The vapor pressure is 2.1 mmHg at 25°C, requiring careful handling to avoid inhalation risks.
Main Applications
In industrial settings, mesitylene is primarily used as a solvent for resins, coatings, and adhesives due to its high solvency and slow evaporation rate. It is also a key intermediate in synthesizing antioxidants, fragrances, and agrochemicals. The chemical industry employs mesitylene to produce mesityl oxide and trimellitic anhydride, which are further processed into plasticizers and heat-resistant polymers. Additionally, it serves as a fuel additive to improve octane ratings and reduce engine knocking in aviation gasoline.
Safety and Storage
Mesitylene is classified as flammable (GHS Category 3) and a skin irritant (GHS Category 2). Workers must use nitrile gloves, goggles, and respiratory protection in poorly ventilated areas. Grounding containers during transfer is essential to prevent static-induced fires. Storage should be in tightly sealed metal or approved plastic containers, away from heat and open flames. Spills must be contained with inert absorbents like sand, as mesitylene can contaminate water sources. Firefighting requires alcohol-resistant foam or dry chemical extinguishers.
B2B Procurement Guide
When sourcing mesitylene, prioritize suppliers with ISO 9001 certification and batch-specific analysis certificates (CoA). Common packaging includes 200L steel drums or bulk tankers for large-scale buyers. Purity grades range from technical (95%) to high-purity (≥99%), with prices scaling accordingly. For international shipments, ensure compliance with transport regulations (e.g., UN No. 2325 for road transport). Sample testing for impurities like xylene isomers is recommended. Long-term contracts with price adjustment clauses can hedge against market volatility in crude oil-derived products.
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