Overview
Mandelic acid, also known as 苦杏酸, is an organic compound derived from bitter almonds. It belongs to the alpha hydroxy acid (AHA) family and is valued for its gentle exfoliating and antibacterial properties. Its chemical structure includes a phenyl group, making it unique among AHAs. Mandelic acid is widely used in skincare and dermatology due to its ability to penetrate the skin slowly, reducing irritation compared to other acids. It is also employed in chemical synthesis and pharmaceutical applications.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Mandelic acid appears as a white crystalline powder with a melting point of 119-121 °C and a density of 1.30 g/cm³. It is soluble in water, ethanol, and ether, making it versatile for formulations. As an AHA, mandelic acid exhibits mild acidity (pKa ~3.4) and is less irritating than glycolic or lactic acid. Its larger molecular size allows for slower skin penetration, which is beneficial for sensitive skin types. The compound also has antibacterial properties, particularly against acne-causing bacteria.
Main Applications
In cosmetics, mandelic acid is a popular ingredient in exfoliating toners, peels, and anti-aging serums. Its gentle nature makes it suitable for acne-prone and sensitive skin. In dermatology, it is used for chemical peels to treat hyperpigmentation, fine lines, and mild acne. Beyond skincare, mandelic acid serves as a chiral building block in pharmaceutical synthesis and as an intermediate in organic chemistry processes.
Safety and Storage
Mandelic acid is generally safe but may cause skin irritation at high concentrations. Proper handling includes wearing gloves and eye protection in industrial settings. For storage, keep the compound in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight to prevent degradation. Bulk quantities should be sealed in airtight containers to avoid moisture absorption, which can affect purity and performance.
B2B Procurement Guide
When sourcing mandelic acid, prioritize suppliers with certifications like ISO or GMP to ensure quality. Key specifications include purity (commonly 98-99.5%) and particle size for cosmetic formulations. Prices vary based on quantity and purity, with bulk purchases (100+ kg) offering cost advantages. Request samples for testing solubility and compatibility with your intended application. Reliable suppliers provide detailed technical data sheets (TDS) and material safety data sheets (MSDS).