Overview
Magnesium citrate is a compound formed by the reaction of magnesium with citric acid. It is widely recognized for its high bioavailability, making it a preferred form of magnesium in dietary supplements and pharmaceutical preparations. The compound is typically available as a white crystalline powder, which is soluble in water and slightly soluble in alcohol. Magnesium citrate is commonly used to address magnesium deficiency, a condition that can lead to muscle cramps, fatigue, and other health issues. Its mild laxative effect also makes it useful in medical applications, such as bowel preparation before certain medical procedures.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Magnesium citrate is characterized by its white crystalline appearance and high solubility in water. The compound decomposes before reaching a melting point, which is a common trait for many organic salts. Its molecular weight is approximately 451.11 g/mol, and it is chemically stable under normal storage conditions. The solubility of magnesium citrate in water makes it an effective ingredient in liquid supplements and effervescent tablets. Its non-toxic nature and high bioavailability are key factors in its widespread use in the healthcare and food industries. The compound is also known for its mild laxative properties, which are attributed to its osmotic effects in the intestines.
Main Applications
Magnesium citrate is primarily used in the production of dietary supplements aimed at addressing magnesium deficiency. It is also a common ingredient in pharmaceutical formulations, particularly those designed for bowel cleansing before medical procedures like colonoscopies. In the food industry, magnesium citrate serves as a food additive, functioning as a nutrient supplement and acidity regulator. Its safety and efficacy have been well-documented, leading to its inclusion in various over-the-counter and prescription medications. The compound's versatility and safety profile make it a valuable component in both healthcare and food applications.
Safety and Storage
Magnesium citrate is generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by regulatory authorities, including the FDA. However, excessive consumption can lead to side effects such as diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and electrolyte imbalances. It is important to adhere to recommended dosages to avoid these adverse effects. Proper storage of magnesium citrate involves keeping it in a cool, dry place, away from moisture and direct sunlight. The compound should be stored in airtight containers to prevent degradation. Manufacturers and suppliers must ensure that the product meets pharmacopeia standards, such as those set by the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) or the European Pharmacopoeia (EP), to guarantee quality and safety.
B2B Procurement Guide
When procuring magnesium citrate, it is essential to verify the purity and compliance of the product with relevant pharmacopeia standards. Buyers should request certificates of analysis (CoA) from suppliers to confirm the product's quality and specifications. The price of magnesium citrate can vary depending on factors such as purity, quantity, and supplier. Bulk purchases typically offer cost savings, but buyers should ensure that the product's shelf life and storage conditions are suitable for their needs. Establishing long-term relationships with reputable suppliers can help ensure consistent quality and reliable delivery schedules.
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