Overview
Liquid PAC is an inorganic polymer coagulant derived from aluminum salts, characterized by its high charge density and broad pH adaptability. It represents an advanced evolution from traditional aluminum sulfate, offering superior turbidity removal and reduced sludge production. As a pre-hydrolyzed product, it reacts faster than conventional coagulants, making it particularly suitable for modern water treatment plants requiring rapid floc formation. The liquid form eliminates dissolution steps, simplifying dosing systems and operational workflows.
Physical and Chemical Properties
The solution typically contains 10-12% Al2O3 with a basicity (OH/Al ratio) between 40-80%, which determines its coagulation performance. Its polymeric structure enables charge neutralization and adsorption bridging mechanisms simultaneously. Viscosity ranges from 20-100 cP depending on concentration and temperature. The product maintains stability within pH 3.5-5.0 during storage but performs effectively across pH 6-9 during application. Unlike monomeric aluminum salts, it minimizes pH adjustment requirements in treated water.
Main Applications
In potable water treatment, liquid PAC removes suspended solids, color, and microorganisms while reducing trihalomethane precursors. Municipal wastewater plants use it for phosphorus removal, achieving <0.5 mg/L effluent levels to meet stringent regulations. Industrial applications include textile wastewater decolorization, where it outperforms conventional coagulants in removing reactive dyes. The paper industry utilizes it as a retention aid and for white water recycling systems, improving yield and reducing freshwater consumption.
Safety and Storage
Classified as a Category 8 corrosive substance, liquid PAC requires HDPE or FRP containers with proper venting. Storage tanks should include secondary containment capable of holding 110% volume. Crystallization may occur below 0°C but reverses upon warming with gentle agitation. Personnel handling should wear acid-resistant gloves (neoprene or nitrile), face shields, and PVC aprons. Spills require neutralization with sodium carbonate or bicarbonate before cleanup with copious water. Never mix with alkaline substances due to violent reaction risks.
B2B Procurement Guide
Quality assessment should prioritize batch consistency in Al2O3 content (±0.3% variation) and basicity (±5%). Request third-party test reports for heavy metals (As < 0.0005%, Pb < 0.001%) and insoluble matter (<0.5%). For large-volume procurement (20+ tons), consider ISO-certified manufacturers with dedicated liquid production lines. Tanker truck deliveries offer cost savings over drum shipments when infrastructure permits. Negotiate pricing based on annual volume commitments and seasonal demand fluctuations.
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