Ligustrazine
Overview
Ligustrazine, also known as Tetramethylpyrazine, is a naturally occurring alkaloid extracted from the rhizome of Ligusticum chuanxiong, a traditional Chinese medicinal herb. It has gained recognition for its therapeutic properties in improving blood circulation and treating ischemic diseases. Initially identified in the 1970s, ligustrazine is now synthesized industrially to meet pharmaceutical demand. Its mechanism involves inhibiting platelet aggregation and dilating blood vessels, making it a key component in treatments for stroke, coronary heart disease, and peripheral vascular disorders.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Ligustrazine appears as a white crystalline powder with a characteristic pyrazine odor. It is stable under standard conditions but degrades when exposed to strong acids, bases, or prolonged UV light. The compound’s solubility profile favors organic solvents like ethanol, while its low water solubility limits formulations to injectable or encapsulated forms. Its melting point (76–80°C) and molecular structure (C8H12N2) are critical for quality control during synthesis and purification.
Main Applications
Pharmaceutical formulations dominate ligustrazine’s applications, particularly in China, where it is approved for treating cerebrovascular and cardiovascular conditions. It is often administered via injection or oral tablets. Beyond medicine, research explores its potential in anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective therapies. Industrial buyers should note its inclusion in combination drugs targeting microcirculation disorders, often paired with aspirin or other anticoagulants.
Safety and Storage
Ligustrazine requires cautious handling due to its bioactive nature. Use PPE (gloves, goggles) to prevent skin/eye irritation. Storage must prioritize airtight containers in cool (<25°C), dark environments to prevent degradation. Regulatory compliance varies by region; for example, the Chinese Pharmacopoeia specifies purity standards (≥98.5% for injections). Bulk buyers should request SDS and stability data to ensure compliance with local pharmaceutical regulations.
B2B Procurement Guide
Procuring ligustrazine demands scrutiny of supplier credentials. Prioritize manufacturers with GMP certification and batch-to-batch consistency reports. Purity (HPLC-verified) and residual solvent levels (e.g., ethanol) are critical for pharmaceutical-grade purchases. Pricing fluctuates based on volume and purity. For reference, 99% purity commands $150–$200/kg, while technical-grade (95%) costs $50–$100/kg. Long-term contracts with audit clauses are advisable to mitigate supply chain risks.