Overview
Laureth-4 is a nonionic surfactant synthesized by ethoxylation of lauryl alcohol with four ethylene oxide units. It belongs to the laureth family, valued for its balanced hydrophilic-lipophilic properties. As a mild surfactant, it is commonly used in personal care formulations, including shampoos, facial cleansers, and lotions, where it functions as an emulsifier and solubilizer. Its versatility extends to industrial applications, such as textile processing and agrochemical formulations, where it aids in dispersion and wetting. The compound's low toxicity and biodegradability make it a preferred choice in eco-conscious formulations.
Physical and Chemical Properties
Laureth-4 exhibits a clear to slightly yellow liquid appearance with a mild characteristic odor. Its solubility spans polar and nonpolar solvents, enabling compatibility with diverse formulations. The ethylene oxide chain length (4 units) provides moderate hydrophilicity, striking a balance between detergency and mildness. Thermally stable up to 200°C, it decomposes at higher temperatures. Its HLB (Hydrophile-Lipophile Balance) value of approximately 9-10 classifies it as a water-dispersible emulsifier. The low viscosity and neutral pH (5-7 in aqueous solutions) facilitate easy incorporation into products.
Main Applications
In cosmetics, Laureth-4 serves as a primary emulsifier in creams and lotions, ensuring stable oil-water mixtures. It enhances the solubility of fragrances and essential oils, making it indispensable in perfumed products. Its mildness allows use in sensitive skin formulations, such as baby shampoos. Industrial applications leverage its wetting and dispersing abilities. For instance, it is used in pesticide emulsifiable concentrates to improve spray coverage. In household cleaners, it contributes to grease removal without excessive foaming, suitable for machine-wash applications.
Safety and Storage
Laureth-4 is generally recognized as safe for topical use at concentrations below 10%. However, undiluted exposure may cause mild skin or eye irritation, necessitating PPE during handling. Prolonged inhalation of aerosols should be avoided. Storage requires airtight containers to prevent moisture absorption and oxidation. Stainless steel or polyethylene packaging is recommended. Shelf life typically exceeds two years when stored below 30°C. Incompatible with strong acids/bases, which may degrade the ethylene oxide chains.
B2B Procurement Guide
Bulk buyers should prioritize suppliers with ISO-certified manufacturing facilities to ensure consistent quality. Key specifications to verify include ethoxylation degree (avg. 4 moles), free ethylene oxide content (<1 ppm), and lauryl alcohol residue (<0.5%). Procurement contracts often include clauses for batch testing and COA (Certificate of Analysis) review. Prices fluctuate with ethylene oxide market trends; long-term agreements may offer cost stability. Transportation typically requires standard chemical logistics, with no hazardous material classification.
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