Kamut

Updated: 2026-08-06

Overview

Carbomer is a synthetic polymer derived from acrylic acid, primarily used as a rheology modifier in various industries. Its ability to form clear, stable gels at low concentrations makes it indispensable in pharmaceutical and cosmetic formulations. First developed in the 1950s, carbomers are now manufactured under different trade names (e.g., Carbopol by Lubrizol) with varying molecular weights and crosslinking densities. These variations determine their specific viscosity profiles and compatibility with different formulations.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Carbomers appear as white, free-flowing powders that can absorb large quantities of water, swelling to form viscous solutions or gels. Their viscosity is highly pH-dependent, with optimal performance typically achieved at neutral to slightly alkaline conditions (pH 6-9). These polymers exhibit pseudoplastic flow behavior, meaning their viscosity decreases under shear stress—a critical property for applications like topical creams that need to spread easily yet maintain structure at rest. Carbomers are generally stable up to 70°C but may degrade at higher temperatures.

Main Applications

In cosmetics, carbomers serve as thickeners in gels (hair styling, hand sanitizers), stabilizers in emulsions (lotions), and suspension agents for pigments. Pharmaceutical uses include ophthalmic formulations, topical drug delivery systems, and tablet coatings. The food industry employs specific carbomer grades as stabilizers in edible gels and sauces. Industrial applications include water-based paints and adhesives where controlled viscosity is required. Different grades (e.g., 940 for clear gels, 934 for creams) are selected based on desired clarity and rheological properties.

Safety and Storage

Carbomers are generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for topical and limited oral use but should be handled with care in powder form due to inhalation risks. Proper storage in sealed containers with desiccants prevents moisture absorption that could lead to clumping. In formulations, neutralizers like triethanolamine are often added to activate thickening properties. Users should avoid contact with strong oxidizers and ensure adequate ventilation during industrial-scale processing. Shelf life is typically 2-3 years when stored properly.

B2B Procurement Guide

When sourcing carbomers, buyers should specify: grade (e.g., 940, 934, 980), viscosity range (typically 30,000-60,000 cP for 1% solutions), residual solvent content, and microbial limits for sensitive applications. Leading manufacturers include Lubrizol (Carbopol), Noveon, and Tinci Materials. Bulk shipments (25kg drums) commonly offer better value for industrial users, while smaller quantities (1-5kg) suit R&D purposes. Prices vary by grade, with pharmaceutical-grade materials commanding 20-30% premiums over cosmetic grades.