Euphorbia lathyris

Updated: 2026-09-21

Overview

Euphorbia lathyris, commonly known as caper spurge or mole plant, is a biennial herbaceous plant native to southern Europe and western Asia. It is widely cultivated for its ornamental value and traditional medicinal uses. The plant is characterized by its upright growth habit, lanceolate leaves, and small greenish-yellow flowers. The plant's latex contains various bioactive compounds, which have been used in traditional medicine for their purported therapeutic effects. However, due to its toxicity, it must be handled with care. In horticulture, it is often used as a natural pest repellent, particularly against moles and gophers.

Physical and Chemical Properties

Euphorbia lathyris is a green, herbaceous plant that typically grows to a height of 1-1.5 meters. The leaves are lanceolate and arranged in opposite pairs along the stem. The plant produces small, inconspicuous greenish-yellow flowers, followed by distinctive seed pods. The latex of Euphorbia lathyris contains irritant and toxic compounds, including diterpene esters, which can cause skin irritation and are toxic if ingested. The plant's seeds are also toxic and should not be consumed. Due to these properties, the plant is often used as a natural pest deterrent.

Main Applications

Euphorbia lathyris has several applications, primarily in traditional medicine and horticulture. In traditional medicine, the latex and extracts have been used for their purported anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, although scientific evidence supporting these uses is limited. In horticulture, the plant is valued as a natural pest repellent, particularly for deterring moles, gophers, and other burrowing animals. It is also grown as an ornamental plant due to its unique appearance and low maintenance requirements. However, its toxicity limits its use in areas accessible to children and pets.

Safety and Storage

Due to its toxic properties, Euphorbia lathyris must be handled with care. Skin contact with the latex can cause irritation, and ingestion of any part of the plant can lead to severe poisoning. It is advisable to wear gloves when handling the plant and to wash hands thoroughly afterward. For storage, keep the plant or its extracts in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Ensure that it is stored out of reach of children and pets. Proper labeling is essential to prevent accidental ingestion or misuse.

B2B Procurement Guide

When procuring Euphorbia lathyris for commercial purposes, it is important to verify the quality and source of the plant or its derivatives. Suppliers should provide detailed information about the plant's origin, cultivation methods, and any processing it has undergone. Consider the intended use when selecting the form of the product (e.g., seeds, extracts, or dried plant material). Prices may vary depending on the form and supplier, so it is advisable to compare options. Ensure compliance with local regulations regarding the handling and use of toxic plants.